Ma Chao is under Liu Bei, in fact, it is more of a status of a symbol of glory. Liu Bei was the king of Hanzhong, and Ma Chao was the general of Zuo. After Liu Bei became emperor, Ma Chao was promoted to hussar general, and the military general had the highest official rank - higher than Zhang Fei's chariot general. But whether Ma Chao is a general of the left or a hussar general, does it matter to Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, or even Huang Zhong, Zhao Yun and Wei Yan?Not at all. Therefore, there is a saying: After Ma Chao defected to Liu Bei, he was already "dead". 
Because when Liu Bei captured Xichuan, he threatened Liu Zhang to surrender under the city of Chengdu, which was Ma Chao's last performance. Then, he was lifted high by Liu Bei, and then he was so cold that Ma Chao was "always afraid", and after hearing Peng Yi's unobtrusive words, he turned his face and told Liu Bei to show his loyalty. So why didn't Liu Bei reuse Ma Chao?For a long time, there has been a saying that they were excluded by Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. But this argument is untenable, Liu Bei's ambition is to support the Han family, how can the pattern be so low?But according to historical records, Ma Chao is indeed not reused by Liu Bei, so what is going on?Actually, the reason is in these three things. 
1. Being too a failure Some people always like to go from one extreme to another, such as Cao Cao's "meritocracy", which determines that Cao Cao does not pay attention to character in general, but in this case, why did Cao Cao kill Xu You and Lu Bu?It is because of these two people that they failed too much and broke through the bottom line of being a man. This is also the case with Ma Chao. Originally, his father Ma Teng and his younger brother were hostages in the palm of Cao Cao's hands, but Ma Chao wanted to oppose Cao Cao, not only did he not care about the life or death of his father and younger brother, but also said to Han Sui, the enemy who killed his mother: "Today, Chao abandons his father and takes the general as his father, and the general should also abandon his son and take Chao as his son." ”
Lu Bu killed Ding Yuan and Dong Zhuo, although it is despised, but they are two fathers-in-law. Let's look at Ma Chao, this is equivalent to "recognizing the thief as his father" first, after all, Han Sui killed Ma Chao's mother, and then "killed his father and younger brother", because Ma Chao rebelled, which led to Cao Cao killing Ma Teng's ......Dare to ask such a person, no matter how great his ability is, who would dare to reuse it?Before Cao Cao killed Lu Bu, Liu Bei persuaded: Brother Cao, have you forgotten Ding Yuan and Dong Zhuo?Liu Bei's words doomed him not to reuse Ma Chao. As for Cao Cao, it is even more impossible, he is a "thief" and "cunning" to Ma Chao, does he have a little bit of cherishing and loving talents?Therefore, in the final analysis, Ma Chao is too a failure, the so-called: those who do not honor their parents are in vain, and people will abandon them!
Second, Ma Chao's ignorance of current affairs has nothing to do with surrender. Because it would be more accurate to say "mindless". For example, Dong Zhuo's fortune relied on Xiliang soldiers, but he made people resentful. So although the Xiliang soldiers are fierce, everyone likes them, but the leader of Xiliang, who likes them?has long been played by Dong Zhuo for ten miles. The prescient ones cut one after another, such as Zhang Xiu and Jia Xu, and of course half Ma Teng. But on the other hand, what about Ma Chao?but led the crowd to rebel. Although Cao Cao was defeated in the early days, his life was almost lost. But once Ma Chao fails, he is destined to have no possibility of turning over, because he is unpopular. 
For example, after Ma Chao surrendered to Zhang Lu, he borrowed troops, but in the end he was resisted by almost the entire Xiliang, such as: Yang Fu, Jiang Xu, Jiang Yin, Zhao Ang, Yin Feng, Yao Qiong, Kong Xin, ......In the end, Ma Chao's wife and children were killed. Especially Yang Fu, his evaluation of Ma Chao is: (Ma) Chao has the courage of faith and cloth, and he is even Qiang and Hu Xin, and Xizhou is afraid!Especially "even Qiang, Hu Xin, Xizhou fear", why do people in the Central Plains oppose Ma Chao?This sentence actually explains why. In this case, he also opposed Cao Cao, surrendered to Zhang Lu, surrendered to Liu Bei, and it was really strange that he could be reused. This is also the reason why in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", when Zhuge Liang retreated from the Six Route Soldiers, he asked Ma Chao to scare the Hu people. 
Third, the strength can not play Ma Chao's defeat of Cao Cao, is its best record, the reason is because Ma Chao's cavalry is too powerful, the impact of Cao Cao's army, can not bear it at all, so Cao Cao "built a sand city", turned defeat into victory, and defeated Ma Chao in one fell swoop. From the analysis of Cao Cao's victory over Ma Chao, it is not so much that Ma Chao is fierce, but that Xiliang Tieqi is fierce. So once Ma Chao's cavalry was restrained, Ma Chao couldn't make waves. So who did Ma Chao surrender?Liu Bei of Xishu!
Ma Chao can sweep Xiliang, and even sweep any place suitable for cavalry combat. But the main battles launched by Liu Bei during his lifetime were the Battle of Hanzhong and the Battle of Yiling. These two places were not suitable for cavalry combat at all. It is equivalent to Ma Chao's strengths that cannot be played, or it can be said that he has been greatly restricted. Some people may have said, what about Zhang Fei?Zhang Fei is a general in commanding the army, and most of his subordinates are mainly infantry, who made Liu Bei poor?Even during the Zhuge Liang period, it was because of the training that he became the "Eight Array Diagram", which gave him confidence. Therefore, an excellent cavalry commander like Ma Chao can't play the biggest role in Xishu. Therefore, this is the third reason why it is not reused, that is, the profession is not right!