At the beginning of the year, I set the reading task for this year and the goal of writing down the feeling after reading, and as I approached the end of the year, I was quite touched in retrospect. Reading in the past year is quite different from what I saw and what I read in the past. First of all, it is not aimless, this year's reading mainly revolves around traditional culture and philosophy, **less, and there is unity and cohesion between different titles;Secondly, with a sense of urgency, in the process of reading, I no longer feel that as long as I am reading, I will not be able to do it, and now that I have the self-requirements for progress, there will be a lot less window period.
I have gained a lot along the way, but I have also generated and accumulated a lot of problems that I don't understand in the process of reading. I recorded these questions, just before I finished the next book, I thought, no matter what form I use, or consult, to understand this kind of problem, it can be regarded as the feeling and harvest of this reading!
From today to 7, when I read Huang Renyu's "The Fifteenth Year of Wanli" and "The Great History of China", I saw some words and sentences and knowledge points that were very familiar but did not know the ins and outs, which were summarized and recorded as follows:
What is the Common Era.
A.D., that is, the Gregorian calendar, is a chronological method derived from Western society, formerly known as the ** era, also known as the Western calendar or Western Yuan, which is a calendar made by the Italian physician and philosopher Aloysius Lilius to reform the Julian calendar - the Gregorian calendar. In 1582, Gregory XIII, then Pope of Rome, approved it.
The Gregorian calendar begins with the year of Jesus' birth. The date after the birth of Jesus is called the year of the Lord Anno Domini (A.).d.(Latin). And before the birth of Jesus, it is called before Christ (b.)c.）。In order to dilute its religious overtones and avoid the disgust of non-believers, most of them were renamed "AD" and "BC".
When did China adopt the Common Era.
The year after the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution (1912), the Chinese calendar was adopted as the national calendar.
On September 27, 1949, after the adoption of the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the newly established People's Republic of China used the Gregorian calendar and the Common Era, which are common to most countries in the international community, as the calendar and year.
What is the age of China in the first year of the Common Era?
The first year of the Common Era, according to the current four-digit chronological year, should be recorded as 0001 years, and the first year of the Common Era happened to be the first year of the last emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Han Ping. He was the 14th emperor of the Western Han Dynasty founded by Liu Bang and the last emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Ai of the Han Dynasty died in 1 BC, and his cousin Wang Mang dictated the power and appointed Liu Yin, who was only 9 years old, as the emperor. When Emperor Liu Yin of the Han Ping Dynasty ascended the throne in the first year BC, but due to his relatively young age, basically all government affairs were presided over by Wang Mang. Therefore, after Wang Mang's dictatorship, he changed the second year to the beginning of the Yuan. Yuan Shi is the era name of Emperor Ping of Han. And it is such a coincidence that the first year of the Yuan is the first year of the Common Era, which can also be called the first year of the Common Era. So some people say that Wang Mang is a traverser.
In fact, the Chinese chronology has a long history. The earliest chronology in China is called the ancient six calendars, that is, the Yellow Emperor calendar, the summer calendar, the Yin calendar, the Zhou calendar, the Lu calendar, and the Zhuan calendar. However, due to the long time period, most of them have been lost.
Later, there was a period of time when the chronology of the prince's accession to the throne was used, for example, there were three years of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, which refers to the third year after he became the monarch. This situation often appears in the books of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he adopted a new chronology, which is also the most common one in us and lasted until the Qing Dynasty. For example, in history books, you often see such a statement as Kangxi for five years. This dating method first came from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.