Liu Bei had four groups of strategists defect in the process of the southern and northern wars in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the first batch was Jian Yong, Sun Qian, and Mi Zhu. The second batch is Xu Shu and Zhuge Liang. The third group is Pang Tong, Ma Liang, and Yi ......The fourth batch is Fa Zheng, Li Yan, Liu Ba ......
Rather than saying that Jian Yong, Sun Qian, and Mi Zhu were Liu Bei's advisers, it was better to say that the three of them were more like Liu Bei's family and friends. Jian Yongzi Xianhe, a fellow villager with Liu Bei, is a native of Zhuo County, and was a good friend with Liu Bei when he was a child. Sun Qian and Mi Zhu were originally subordinates of Tao Qian, the assassin of Xuzhou, after Tao Qian's death, both of them defected to Liu Bei, the Mi family was one of the richest people at that time, Mi Zhu not only funded Liu Bei a large amount of military spending, but also married his sister to Liu Bei, so Mi Zhu is also Liu Bei's brother-in-law. Because of this relationship, Liu Bei surrendered to Eastern Wu when Mi Zhu's younger brother Mi Fang served as the Nanjun Tai, and finally led to the killing of Guan Yu.
Xu Shu and Zhuge Liang are Liu Bei's real advisors, and Xu Shu is also Zhuge Liang's recommender. The focus of the third batch of strategists was Pang Tong, and when Mr. Shui Jing recommended it to Liu Bei, he said: ".Wolong and phoenix chicks have one, but the world can be safe。"Liu Bei is very lucky, the Sleeping Dragon and Phoenix Chicks have all gotten. After Liu Bei marched into Yizhou, there was a fourth batch of strategists, among whom Fa Zheng was the leader, and Fa Zheng was also the key figure for Liu Bei to obtain Yizhou. Fa Zheng, the word filial piety, Fufeng Yi (now Mei County, Shaanxi Province, Xiaofayi Town), the grandson of the famous man Fazhen。The ancestor of Fa Zheng is Qi Xiang Wang Tian Fazhang, who was the monarch of Qi during the Warring States Period, and Fa Zheng was a real gate lord noble.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in turmoil, the Yellow Turban Uprising killed many gate lords, and Fazheng's family was inevitably affected. Liu Zhang was after Liu Yu, the king of Lugong in the Western Han Dynasty, and Liu Bei was after Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan Jing in the Western Han Dynasty. Although both are relatives of the Han family, the difference is that Liu Zhang's ancestors are better at planning, while Liu Bei's ancestors have fallen early.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, in order to escape the scourge of war, a family of men and lords like Fa Zheng fled to Yizhou. Which of these people didn't want to get an official position under Liu Zhang's account, but Liu Zhang's account had more monks and less porridge, so Fa Zheng waited for a long time to get a county order position. Although he was later appointed as a military lieutenant, it was also an idle position equivalent to a staff officer.
Fa Zheng is a person who has ambitions and is not willing to live under others for a long time. Fa Zheng met Zhang Song in Yizhou when he was in Yizhou, and the two hit it off at first sight, became close friends to each other, and cherished each other. Zhang Song is not only ugly in appearance, but also short, but he has a flexible mind, is well-informed, and has sharp teeth, and he is indeed a talent in Yizhou. Fa Zheng and Zhang Song often talked about state affairs together, on the one hand, they were indignant at Liu Zhang's confusion and weakness, and on the other hand, they also felt injustice that they could only commit themselves to such incompetent people. They feel that at this time, the world is in chaos, and it is difficult to defend Yizhou with Liu Zhang's talent, let alone seek development.
With the development of the situation, the attempt of the forces led by Cao Cao to get their hands on Yizhou is already imminent. Fa Zheng and Zhang Song thought about it again and again, as the so-called good birds choose trees to perch, and virtuous ministers choose the main things. For the sake of their own future and fate, the two began to encourage Liu Zhang to take refuge in Cao Cao, and Liu Zhang was afraid of Cao Cao's power, so he sent Zhang Song to Cao Cao to discuss the conditions for Yizhou's refuge.
Unexpectedly, Cao Cao is a peacock-eyed, like an elegant and handsome strategist, seeing that Zhang Song looks ugly, he doesn't say anything, and he is unruly and unruly, and he speaks against his earsCao Cao was very annoyed, so he beat Zhang Songpang and drove him away, why did Cao Cao dare to do this?Because he also knows Liu Zhang's weakness and incompetence, in Cao Cao's heart, you Zhang Song can't come or not, Yizhou is my Cao Cao's, you Liu Zhang actually sent an ugly monster to come, and he was not inferior, this is simply disrespectful to me.
As mentioned earlier, although Zhang Song is ugly, he is very pretentious, and he can stand this kind of insult. And Liu Bei went all the way to pick up Zhang Song at this time, accepted it with kindness, and did his best to be courteous, it was simply drowsy and handed over a pillow. Cao Cao's indifferent insult and Liu Bei's enthusiasm made Zhang Song quickly throw himself into Liu Bei's arms. Needless to say, after Zhang Song returned to Yizhou, he tried his best to tell Liu Zhang about Liu Bei's kindness, which made Liu Zhang very happy, after all, everyone is a member of the Han family, and psychologically involuntarily has a sense of closeness. Zhang Song's experience also made Fa Zheng look forward to it, people like Zhang Song can get such a good treatment from Liu Bei, and my Fa Zheng is not a hundred times stronger than Zhang Song. Under the vigorous promotion of Fa Zheng and Zhang Song's sharp teeth, Liu Zhang decided to welcome Liu Bei into Sichuan.
Liu Bei was still a little hesitant to replace Liu Zhang, after all, they were all relatives of the Han family. But Fa Zheng said to Liu Bei:The talent of the Ming generals, taking advantage of Liu Mu's cowardice, Zhang Song, and the humerus of the state, in response to the inside, and then the wealth of the benefits, and the dangers of Feng Tianfu, so as to succeed in the industry, it is still in the palm of hand。When Liu Bei heard this, it was deeply in line with his intentions. Immediately agreed to Fazheng's suggestion. Although Zhang Song is smart, he is impatient and has a bad popularity, so that his brothers want to betray him, which eventually kills him.
Zhang Song is dead, and there is Fazheng. Not only does he know the situation of Yizhou and Liu Zhang well, but he is not as impetuous as Zhang Song. With Fazheng, Liu Bei is like a fish in water in Yizhou. According to Fa Zheng's plan, Liu Bei not only won Yizhou, but also beheaded Cao Cao's henchman Xiahou Yuan when he marched into Hanzhong in the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219 AD). Cao Cao's general Zhang He had no choice but to ask Cao Cao for help, Cao Cao felt very surprised after he came, he felt that Liu Bei did not have such ability, and when he asked about the situation, he knew that it was Fazheng's strategy, and then he said the words with emotion: ".Therefore, I know that if Xuande does not do this, it will be taught by others."
Throughout Liu Bei's life, although there were countless battles, he was defeated repeatedly. It's okay to buy people's hearts, but marching and fighting is not what he's good at. And sometimes it's easy to be stubborn and can't listen to advice. When Liu Bei can be obedient, most of the time it is because there is no way, and if he doesn't listen, he will be finished. Although Zhuge Liang is his intimate adviser, sometimes he can't speak well. Fa Zheng didn't talk much, but he could make Liu Bei accept it happily. After Liu Bei took charge of Yizhou, the power of various local scholars was treacherous, and Liu Bei urgently needed a way to stabilize the regime.
And harmony is the most convenient way, some people suggested that Liu Bei married Wu Yi, the sister of Liu Zhang's old general Wu Yi, and Wu was the wife of Liu Zhang's brother Liu Mao, to put it bluntly, she was the widow of a Han clan. Liu Bei heard that it was not good, this widow is of the same clan, if she marries, wouldn't it be a suspicion of **. Liu Bei's strength came up again, and it was useless for everyone to persuade him. At this time, Fa Zheng came to Liu Bei and said, ".On his intimacy, what is the relationship with Jin Wen to Ziyuan?When Liu Bei heard it, yes, in order to restore the country, Duke Wen of Jin was able to marry the surviving person of his own nephew. The history books also praise this, as the so-called, those who become righteous are not informal. I, Liu Bei, for the stability of Yizhou and the Han world, marrying a widow of the same clan is nothing.
Fa Zheng's words made Liu Bei willingly do what others couldn't do, which shows Fa Zheng's talent, every word. Therefore, after Liu Bei was the queen of Hanzhong, he was named the Shangshu Order and the General of the Protector Army. With Zhuge Liang's qualifications, he was also named a military general, and he was appointed as the general of the left general's office.
The Eastern Han Dynasty's Shangshu Ling is equivalent to the prime minister, and Fazheng's official position is nominally higher than Zhuge Liang, at least at the same level, Zhuge Liang is a minister who has followed Liu Bei to fight for many years. And Liu Bei also rewarded at the same timeZhuge Liang, Fa Zheng, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei each have 500 catties, 1,000 catties, 50 million dollars, and 1,000 horses. At this time, in Liu Bei's heart, Fa Zheng is already the same as Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei, and Liu Bei has given Fa Zheng all his kindness.
After Liu Bei entered Yizhou, Fa Zheng had to sit, and the horse had to ride, and the honor he received was very, as the so-called pampered and arrogant, and the flaws in his character began to be exposed. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The True Biography of the Law" says: The virtue of a meal, the resentment of the eyes, all retaliate, and kill and injure several people without permission. It can be seen that the mind of Fa Zheng is extremely small, and it cannot tolerate people. For people with such a character, marching and fighting are still subject to military law, but governing the country is a great shortcoming.
Liu Bei first ascended the throne, and at this time, he needed to unite all those who could be united in order to stabilize the Shu Han regime. However, the righteous behavior of the law will inevitably offend many people and forces. He is also Liu Bei's favored minister, and what he does is what Liu Bei means in the eyes of many people who don't know the truth, which invisibly creates a lot of antagonism for Liu Bei. Moreover, the law has been in Yizhou for many years and has become the spokesperson for the interests of some local powerful forces. With his character, he must support one and suppress one, which is very detrimental to the stability of the Shu Han regime. When he and Zhuge Liang, Li Yan, Yi Yuan, and Liu Ba were responsible for compiling the "Shu Branch", Fa Zheng's performance of speaking for local forces was particularly serious.
Zhuge Liang in order to change the reign of Liu Zhang,Shu grammar is fettered, mutual admiration, morality and politics are not raised, and punishment is not severe;The people of Shu soil, the dictatorship is self-indulgent, and the way of the monarch and the minister is gradually replaced by the mausoleum;In these cases, the favor is in place, the extreme is cheap, and the favor is gracious, and the grace is slow, and the legislation is to curb the local power. However, Fa Zheng expressed his dissatisfaction, feeling that Zhuge Liang's strict usage, like the Qin Dynasty, had damaged the interests of the powerful in some parts of Shu.
Zhuge Liang is proportional to the Fa, in addition to being highly skilled, he is also very flexible. He knew that Fa was favored by Liu Bei at this time, and when someone complained to Fa Zheng that he would repay him and act recklessly, he never dealt with this matter head-on. He said".The law is directly auxiliary to it, so that it soars, and cannot be copied, how to prohibit the law from doing its evil intentions!”In the Shu Han regime, the only one who can make Fa Zhengxin taboo is Zhuge Liang. Although Fa Zheng made great contributions to Liu Bei's entry into Yizhou, he also represented the forces of Yizhou. When some people in the force damage the Shu Han regime because of their own selfish interests, Fa Zheng, as the leader, cannot be left alone.
In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219 AD), Guan Yu flooded the Seventh Army in Xiangyang to break Cao's army, killed Pang De, and captured Yu Ban. Cao Cao heard that the capital wanted to move the capital to avoid its edge. What Guan Yu didn't expect was that Lu Meng of Eastern Wu actually took advantage of Guan Yu's expedition to attack Jingzhou.
After Guan Yu retreated, he sent Liao Hua to Shangyong to ask for help from the guards Liu Feng and Meng Da, but he didn't expect Liu Feng, who was Liu Bei's righteous son, to be instigated by Meng Da"When the first heir of the king of Hanzhong was a general, Guan Gong was displeased. After the king of Hanzhong ascended the throne, he wanted to set up an heir, and asked Kong Ming, Kong Ming said: "This family matter is also, ask Guan and Zhang Keyun," the king of Hanzhong then sent people to Jingzhou to ask Guan Gong, Guan Gong thought that the general was the son of a moth, and could not be arrogated, and persuaded the king of Hanzhong to put the general far away in the land of Shangyong Mountain City, so as to put an end to future troubles. ”Liu Feng refused to send troops when he heard this, and replied to Liao Huayan:"I'm going now, a glass of water, can I save a car of fire?The general returned quickly, waiting for the Shu soldiers to arrive. ”Liao Hua had no choice but to run to Chengdu for help.
Meng Da has been a friend of Fa Zheng for many years, and he and Fa Zheng went to Shu to avoid trouble back then, which shows that the relationship is not ordinary. After Liu Bei entered Shu, Fa Zheng took Meng Da to take refuge with Liu Bei, but there was a significant gap between Liu Bei's treatment and Meng Da's Fa, which made Meng Da's expectations plummet. Meng Da's conceited talent is no less than Fazheng, and it can be seen from his words that provoked Liu Feng, and every word pierces his heart. But he stayed in Shangyong with Liu Feng, who was generally assigned, and his inner dissatisfaction had nowhere to vent. He was not only dissatisfied with Liu Bei, but also dissatisfied with Fazheng.
From the moment he provoked Liu Feng, he already had the heart of rebellion. Since you are Fa Zheng only caring about your own glory and wealth, then I Meng Da will not care if it will affect you or not. What Liu Feng and Meng Da did directly led to Guan Yu being killed and Jingzhou being lost. This was a huge loss for the newly established Shu Han regime. And the culprit is still Fazheng's friend Meng Da, such a sin, even if Fazheng has all kinds of credits, it is irreparable.
Because of Guan Yu's defeat, Liu Bei attacked Eastern Wu in a negative spirit, and was defeated in the Battle of Yiling, and finally died in shame in the White Emperor City. The result of such a chain reaction did not surprise Zhuge Liang, who could pinch and calculate, he once said;“If the law is filial piety, it can control the lord and make it not go east;If you return to the east, you will not fall into danger!”This is also a way to deceive othersZhuge Liang couldn't have imagined that if it weren't for Fazheng, there would be no Meng Da to vote. Without Mengda, there would have been no defeat of Guan Yu. Without Guan Yu's defeat, there would have been no Battle of Yiling in which Liu Bei personally avenged Guan Yu. Without the Battle of Yiling, Liu Bei would not have died in shame. If Liu Bei does not die, will the Shu Han regime be able to last longer? All the points point to the Fa Zheng who will repay him, it was he who achieved Liu Bei's career, but he also buried Shu Han's future. Some people say that if Fazheng does not die, there will be no Three Kingdoms, but this sentence is really exaggerated.
After Guan Yu's death, although Liu Bei hated Liu Feng and Meng Da very much, he did not blame Fa Zheng who recommended Meng Da. Fa Zheng knows very well the importance of Jingzhou and Guan Yu to Liu Bei, your friend betrayed Guan Yu, if you want to say that it has nothing to do with you, others will not believe it when you say it, the pressure in Fa Zheng's heart can be imagined. If Liu Bei said something to blame, Fa Zheng might be more comfortable in his heart. Although Liu Bei didn't speak, he couldn't stop other people's mouths.
Fa Zheng is still a person who cares about other people's thoughts very much, and when he was mixed up under Liu Zhang, he was particularly entangled in other people's slander against him. In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an (220 years), Fa Zheng died of depression at the age of forty-five. Throughout Fa Zheng's life, his contribution to Liu Bei was mainly manifested in Pingyizhou, Hanzhong, and "Shu Branch". Although Fa Zheng is good at scheming, his performance in military affairs even feels helpless when a hero like Cao Cao fights. But his character, conduct, and ability to govern the country are inadequate. After Fa Zheng's death, Liu Bei was very sad, even if he had the heart to complain about Fa Zheng, it was impossible for people to see it.