In 1606, London was the birth of a great adventure, and the Virginia Company was born. The joint-stock company was tasked with developing North America, but it was essentially a colonial expedition. Through the sale of shares, the company raised its own funds and obtained a colonial license from the king, and began its journey to recruit colonists. According to the regulations, the ownership and profits of the colony belonged to the shareholders of the company, and the colonists were equivalent to employees of the company, who received their salaries on a regular basis.
Unlike the Spanish military conquests, the British colonial path was dominated by private investment. The king's desire for the colony was mainly focused on economic interests, and he was more tolerant of self-government. This leads to an interesting phenomenon: Latin America in the Spanish colonies tended to produce a leader or military, while North America in the British colonies tended to produce a tradition of self-government.
The Virginia company cleverly advertised that the New World of North America was full of strawberries and grapes, as well as a variety of precious flora and fauna. The propaganda worked out, and the 105 colonists were in short supply, mostly from the British upper class, who were hungry for adventure. And the low-level civilians who really need to make a living in the New World are unable to grab places due to the lack of means.
In December 1606, three merchant ships carrying the 105 men set sail from the River Thames in London. Captain Newport, a pirate-turned, served as commander-in-chief, and was honored by Elizabeth I for being one of Britain's finest navigators. However, luck was not on their side. Soon after setting sail, he encountered a strong wind and had to retreat to avoid the wind. The second time he set sail again, he was blown back by the wind and waves. After three months of tossing and turning, in February 1607, the weather finally ushered in before sailing into the Atlantic.
After more than two months of sailing, the three ships managed to reach the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, which means big shell in the language of the Native American Algonquins. Captain Newport pulls out a sealed document and reads out an order from the Virginia Company to find a suitable place to establish a colony in the New World of North America.
Following the instructions of the document, they looked for settlements along the river. Soon after, a suitable place was found and named Jamestown. It was the first permanent colony established by the British in North America.
However, these English gentlemen didn't think it through, and Jamestown wasn't actually an ideal place. The land here was barren and unsuitable for agricultural production, and these gentlemen were not good at farming. The summer is hot, and the mosquitoes are very large, spreading dysentery. The gentlemen were bitten all over their heads, and to make matters worse, the dysentery transmitted by these mosquitoes made them seriously ill one by one. The winter was cold again, and they did not carry enough clothing and had to struggle in the bitter cold.
To their surprise, instead of welcoming them warmly, the local natives often clashed with the Indians of the Powhatan tribe. It was a clash of two cultures, with the colonists embracing the idea of enclosure and the Indians believing that the land belonged to living things. Therefore, hunting within the boundaries demarcated by Jamestown seemed no problem for the Indians, but the British could not accept it, and the conflict broke out.
Life in the settlement of Jamestown was extremely difficult from the beginning, and they had to fight not only with nature, but also against Indian attacks. However, it was from Jamestown as a starting point that the British established what would become the colony of Virginia in the New World, which marked the nascent birth of America.
The Colonial Pioneers: A Journey to the New World of the Virginia Company depicts the arduous journey of the British Virginia Company in the early 17th century to colonize North America. This history is full of wonders, bumps, and cultural clashes that laid the foundation for America's colonial history.
First, the article vividly presents the founding and colonization plans of the Virginia Company. By selling shares, raising its own funds, and obtaining colonial licenses, the company attracted high-class British adventurers and laid the groundwork for the colonization of the New World in North America. This colonial approach, dominated by private investment, contrasted sharply with the military conquests of Spain at the time, and laid the foundation for the later American tradition of self-government.
Secondly, the article describes in detail the voyage of 105 colonists and the process of settlement in the New World. From Captain Newport's pirate status to the twists and turns of the three voyages, readers can feel the twists and turns of this expedition. The establishment of Jamestown, in particular, illustrates the range of dilemmas faced by gentlemen in an unfamiliar environment, including harsh natural conditions and cultural clashes with the Aboriginal peoples. These difficulties did not stop them, but rather served as a catalyst for the establishment of the American colonies.
The text also points out the clash of the two colonizer cultures. The concept of land enclosure brought by the British colonizers clashed with the Indians' concept of land sharing, and this cultural difference became the source of conflict between the two sides. This is one of the reasons why Latin America and North America have had different political systems over the course of their history, showing two very different trajectories.
Finally, the article does not obscure the plight of the colonies. The harsh natural environment and the resistance of the Indians faced by the gentlemen in the New World paint a picture of the hard struggle of the colonists. However, it was through this series of challenges that the British established permanent colonies in the New World, laying the groundwork for the later independence and development of the United States.
Overall, the essay presents the colonization process of the Virginia Company in vivid strokes, highlighting the difficulties and conflicts experienced by the colonists in unfamiliar lands. This history not only witnessed the struggle of the British in the New World, but also laid a solid foundation for the formation and development of the United States.
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