How many stages of corn fertilization are there?This is a concern for many corn growers. As an important food crop, the yield and quality of corn are closely related to the method and timing of fertilization. So, how should corn fertilization be carried out?This article will introduce some technical points of corn fertilization, hoping to help corn growers.
The purpose of corn fertilization is to meet the nutrient needs of corn, promote the growth and development of corn, and improve the yield and quality of corn. The principle of corn fertilization is to rationally allocate the type, dosage and application method of fertilizer according to the growth characteristics and soil fertility status of corn, so that fertilizer can be effectively absorbed and utilized by corn and avoid waste of fertilizer and environmental pollution.
Corn fertilization is generally divided into four stages, namely basal fertilizer, seedling fertilizer, ear fertilizer and grain filling fertilizer. The fertilization method and dosage are different at each stage, as follows:
Basal fertilizer is the foundation of corn planting, mainly to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and provide long-term nutrients for the growth of corn**. The application time of basal fertilizer is generally carried out before or at the time of corn sowing, and the application method can be deep turning, hole application or strip application. The amount of basal fertilizer is determined according to soil fertility and corn varieties, generally 3000-5000 kg of organic fertilizer and 50-100 kg of compound fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu.
Seedling fertilizer is the key to the growth of maize, mainly to promote the growth of maize seedlings, improve the stress resistance and disease resistance of maize. The application time of seedling fertilizer is generally carried out within 10-15 days after the emergence of maize, and the application method can be hole application, strip application or foliar spray. The amount of seedling fertilizer is determined according to the growth of corn and soil fertility, generally 10-15 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of potassium chloride, or 02-0.5% urea solution.
Ear fertilizer is the turning point of corn growth, mainly to promote the differentiation and development of corn ears, and increase the number of grains and grain weight of corn. The application time of ear fertilizer is generally carried out at the jointing stage or the large flare stage of maize, and the application method can be hole application, strip application or foliar spray. The amount of ear fertilizer is determined according to the growth of corn and soil fertility, generally 15-20 kg of urea, 10-15 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 5-10 kg of potassium fertilizer, or foliar spray 05-1% solution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
Grain filling fertilizer is the late stage of corn growth, mainly to prolong the photosynthesis of corn, prevent the premature senescence of corn, and improve the grain fullness and quality of corn. The application time of grain filling fertilizer is generally carried out at the corn silking stage or grain filling stage, and the application method can be hole application, strip application or foliar spray. The amount of filling fertilizer is determined according to the growth of corn and soil fertility, generally 10-15 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 5-10 kg of potassium fertilizer, or 05-1% solution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
In addition to mastering the stages and methods of fertilization, corn fertilization should also pay attention to the following points:
Corn fertilization should be adjusted according to the pH, organic matter content, nutrient content and other factors of the soil to avoid imbalance and insufficiency of fertilizer.
Corn fertilization should be adjusted in combination with factors such as corn variety, density, and growth period to avoid excessive and premature fertilizer.
Corn fertilization should pay attention to the depth of fertilizer application and the thickness of the covering soil to avoid fertilizer loss and burns.
Corn fertilization should pay attention to the application time and moisture conditions of fertilizer to avoid the solidification and failure of fertilizer.
Corn fertilization should pay attention to the ratio and collocation of fertilizers to avoid mutual inhibition and antagonism of fertilizers.
Corn fertilization is an important part of corn planting, corn fertilization is generally divided into four stages: base fertilizer, seedling fertilizer, ear fertilizer and grain filling fertilizer, the fertilization method and dosage of each stage are different, it is necessary to make reasonable allocation and adjustment according to the fertility characteristics of corn and soil fertility, and also pay attention to some details and precautions of fertilization, so as to achieve the purpose of improving corn yield and quality.
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