Current status of wastewater treatment of photovoltaic cells
Current situation and solutions for photovoltaic cell wastewater treatment
In the production of photovoltaic cells, hydrofluoric acid is used for cleaning and etching, however, this leads to the generation of a large amount of fluorinated wastewater. 1,000 tonnes of wastewater is produced per day per 1GW of capacity. The traditional treatment scheme uses a two-stage lime defluoride process, but there are some problems with this method.
First of all, the sludge production is huge, with 1GW cells producing 4-6 tons of sludge per day, which brings great cost pressure to storage and transportation, and also brings environmental safety risks. Secondly, the operating costs are high, including labor, chemicals, sludge and electricity costs, and the annual wastewater treatment cost per GW capacity is as high as more than 3 million. In addition, fluorinated sludge is wasted due to its low purity, which can only be used in landfills or in low-value-added construction and smelting fields.
In response to the problem of photovoltaic fluoride-containing wastewater, Zhanqing has innovated on the basis of traditional technology. They introduced the FBC-FR Fluoride System, which prepares fluoride ions** from wastewater into high-purity calcium fluoride with purities of more than 90%. After the treatment of this system, the wastewater can meet the discharge standard. This solution not only solves the problem of fluoride wastewater treatment, but also realizes the efficient ** and reuse of fluorine resources. 
The calcium fluoride of the program has reached the level of preparing hydrofluoric acid, which can realize the complete recycling of fluorine resources, and at the same time, because of the utilization of fluoride ions, the amount of chemicals and sludge produced in wastewater treatment have been greatly reduced, and the cost of water treatment per ton has been significantly reduced.