Background and the Qin army's plan to attack Zheng Guo
In 627 BC, in the Central Plains during the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin Mugong of Qin actively promoted the policy of eastward expansion in an attempt to occupy the plastered land of the Central Plains. The state of Qin had always had a close relationship with the state of Jin, but the ambitions of Duke Mu of Qin led him to decide to attack the state of Zheng and use it as a base for his eastward advance. In the course of his crusade against Zheng with the Jin State, Qin Mugong obtained a promise from Zheng Wengong and intended to use Zheng as a support for the eastward advance. However, the death of Zheng Wengong brought about a new situation, and the successor Zheng Mugong tended to become a vassal of the Jin state, putting the plans of the Qin state in jeopardy.
The Qin army stopped and planned in the slippery country
The Qin army stopped in the state of Hua on the way to Zheng, and the Qin state during this period was not secretive, which made Zheng's merchant Xiangao aware of the Qin army's intentions. Xiangao quickly sent someone to inform Zheng Mugong, and pretended to be an envoy of Zheng to meet the Qin army, saying that he understood their intentions and proposed to end the war. The three main generals of the Qin State were discovered by accident, so they had to accept the cattle and immediately evacuate the country. This sneak attack made the surrounding vassal states more vigilant and aroused the wrath of the Jin state.
The Jin army was ambushed in the Kushan Mountains
Fully prepared for the counterattack on the Qin state, he planned to set up an ambush at the Kunshan Mountains in an attempt to annihilate the Qin army. After the Qin army arrived at Kunshan, the Jin army had been ambushed on a high place, and the Jin army was first supervised by the general of the Jin army. The mountains were treacherous and densely vegetated, and the Qin army was constantly constrained by terrain and military vehicles, resulting in loose ranks and a lack of neat formations.
The Jin army completely annihilated the Qin army
The Jin army ambushed in China, and the Qin army fell into the trap set by the Jin army, and the Jin army led by Xian Zhen annihilated the Qin army. On the battlefield, the smoke in the valley of Kushan was filled, and the Jin army shot arrows from high and high, and the Qin army was difficult to resist in the chaos, and the soldiers and the main general were in a panic. In the end, the Qin army was completely annihilated, and the three main generals were captured.
Summary
* The result of the Battle of Kun was the first total annihilation battle experienced by the Qin state, which dashed the Qin state's ambition to expand the Central Plains and marked the end of relations between the two countries. Qin's defeat strengthened Jin's supremacy in the region, and Qin paid a heavy price for the defeat. The controversy of this battle lies in the military mistakes of the Qin state and the ingenious strategy of the Jin state, and it also exposes the fierce competition between the vassal states at that time.