What is acute myocardial infarction? How can I save myself if I suddenly fall ill?
The patient wrote to consult, and the mother-in-law always said that she had chest tightness, and took her for an examination to find out that it was a myocardial infarction, what kind of disease is this? How can I save myself if I suddenly fall ill?
Here is a popular science for you, acute myocardial infarction is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly people, and it is seriously life-threatening. Acute myocardial infarction is a kind of cardiovascular disease, it will cause a great threat to life, acute myocardial infarction is actually in our popular sense is the blockage of the blood vessels of the heart, due to the blockage of the heart vessels after the myocardium of the avascular work is abnormal. Clinically, there are often severe and persistent retrosternal pain, which cannot be completely relieved by rest and nitrates, accompanied by increased serum cardiac enzyme activity and progressive ECG changes, which can be complicated by arrhythmia, shock or heart failure, which can often be life-threatening.
Principles of resuscitation of acute myocardial infarction.
Acute myocardial infarction is more common in the elderly and is a sudden and dangerous disease, and various aura symptoms will appear before the onset of the disease. In the 1 to 2 days before the onset of myocardial infarction, the number of angina pectoris will increase significantly compared to before, and the symptoms will not improve even after taking nitroglycerin tablets. In addition, the patient also feels persistent and severe pain under the sternum or in the precordial area, accompanied by symptoms such as paleness, palpitation, shortness of breath, and cold sweats. However, some patients may not have severe sensations, or may present with sudden epigastric pain due to ischemia in the lower wall of the myocardium, which may not be relieved by taking vasodilators when the pain becomes severe.
If the above symptoms occur, the patient needs to stop any heavy physical exertion immediately, need to go on bed rest, and observe the condition to stabilize the mood in order to reduce the oxygen consumption of the heart muscle. If the condition is found to be more serious, you need to be sent to the hospital** immediately and do on-site first aid.
And for the first aid of acute myocardial infarction, time is life. Myocardial infarction is caused by the blockage of the blood vessels supplying the heart, resulting in myocardial ischemia and necrosis. About 30 minutes after the blood vessel is blocked, the heart muscle will begin to die, and it will die completely in about 6 to 8 hours. Therefore, the earlier the blood vessels are open during this period, the greater the chance of myocardial survival.
However, if the patient with myocardial infarction can be effectively rescued within 1 hour, he can be the same as a normal person after **; However, if the resuscitation is performed after an hour, a part of the heart muscle will die, and the longer the time drags on, the more the part will die. Unfortunately, many patients or their families do not have the knowledge of first aid, so patients miss the best chance of rescue. Therefore, it is necessary to improve people's knowledge of first aid for acute myocardial infarction.
Persistent chest pain can also indicate a sudden acute myocardial infarction, but it may also be a pulmonary embolism, dissecting aneurysm, etc., so the patient's family or the surrounding people should immediately call the emergency **, do not miss the best time to rescue.
What are the scientific studies on myocardial infarction?
Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Patients with STEMI face high in-hospital mortality, no reflow of myocardium, and risk of reperfusion injury despite receiving reperfusion and optimal medications**. At present, there is still a lack of specific drugs to prevent and treat these problems worldwide, and there is an urgent need for new drugs or new strategies to improve the current situation of STEMI patients.
Tongxinluo Capsule is a representative drug for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases that is widely used in China. Over the years, a series of studies have been carried out on cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. Previous studies have shown that Tongxinluo can significantly reduce the area of myocardium without reflow and infarction, protect myocardial cells, and show good efficacy and safety. On the basis of a number of clinical studies and basic experiments, Professor Yang Yuejin from Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences led the "China Tongxinluo** Myocardial Protection Study in Acute Myocardial Infarction (CTS-AMI)", which further confirmed its ability to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STAMI) in the population of large-scale myocardial infarction.
In summary, on the basis of the ** recommended by the STEMI guidelines, the addition of Tongxinluo can significantly improve the clinical prognosis of Chinese STEMI patients at 30 days and 1 year, especially in reducing cardiac death and serious complications, and does not increase the risk of serious adverse reactions such as major bleeding.