In the fifth year of Cao Wei Taihe (231), Zhuge Liang launched the fourth Northern Expedition in his life, aiming at Guanzhong. As is customary, Cao Wei needs to quickly send a general to respond.
In the past Northern Expedition, there were mainly two generals who fought against Zhuge Liang, Cao Zhen and Zhang He. Now, Cao Zhen is seriously ill and is about to die, and only Zhang He is the only one who can serve as the main general.
In the ** at that time, Zhang He was known as the natural enemy of the Shu army. Chen Shou once said: "Knowing the variables, being good at camping Chen, and knowing the terrain of the battle situation, all of them are as good as planning, and they are all afraid of Zhuge Liang." "Zhang He led the troops well, and even Zhuge Liang was afraid of him.
Cao Rong's original intention was to appoint Zhang He as the main general and lead the army to Lüyang to block Zhuge Liang. However, before the departure, Cao Rong changed his decision and appointed Sima Yi as the general, and Zhang He followed as a servant. This change of position will raise a series of problems.
Emperor Wei Ming's abacus and Sima Yi's conspiracy.
Sima Yi had participated in the Northern Expedition, but this time, he did not fight in person. Cao Rong once asked Zhang He: "When the general (Sima Yi) arrives at the front line, will Zhuge Liang already occupy Chencang?"Zhang He replied that Zhuge Liang's grain and grass could not last for ten days, and this battle could not be fought. Sure enough, due to the shortage of grain and grass, Zhuge Liang withdrew from the army, and the third Northern Expedition ended hastily.
Compared with Sima Yi, Zhang He's strategizing is even better. However, Cao Rong changed his decision on the spot and parachuted Sima Yi into the general, delaying the departure of the army. This change caused unrest in the army.
Potential contradictions in the military.
The temporary change of generals made the morale of the army unstable. Guo Huai, a general in the army, objected, believing that Zhang He was a famous national general, and only he could calm the army's morale.
Cao Rong once praised Zhang He, and even promoted him to "doctor" to round his reputation of "both civil and military". However, Cao Ei's choice brought huge losses to the entire Wei state.
Cao Rong's decision pushed Zhang He to the opposite side of Sima Yi. Sima Yi did not have a good impression of Zhang He, and in this Northern Expedition, Zhang He's presence had threatened Sima Yi's position as the commander of the army.
Sima Yi's conspiracy quietly unfolded.
Sima Yi's first order sparked a conflict. Zhang He suggested that the defense of Yong and Yi cities should be given priority, but Sima Yi insisted on moving on. In the end, the Shu army preemptively sabotaged the Wei army's plan, leaving the Wei army in a grain and grass dilemma.
Sima Yi's immobility aroused doubts, and all the generals of the Wei army asked for battle, but Sima Yi refused. This made the generals in the army begin to doubt Sima Yi's decision-making, and Zhang He's reputation was even higher.
Zhang He's final ending: died in Mumen Valley.
After the confrontation in Lucheng, Sima Yi attacked, but he was clearly targeting Zhang He. He ordered Zhang He to attack Wang Ping, the general of the Shu army south of Lucheng, and he himself led the main force to meet Zhuge Liang's main force north of the city.
This ploy was clearly aimed at weakening Zhang He's prestige. And Zhang He was in the process of performing the mission, and finally died in Mumen Valley.
In the history of Cao Wei, behind Zhang He's death, Sima Yi's vicious intentions were revealed. The change of generals, the contradictions in the army, and Sima Yi's conspiracy, this historical story is full of twists and turns and drama.
This article delves into the complex relationship between Zhang He and Sima Yi in the history of Cao Wei, as well as their disputes against Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition. Through a detailed account of historical events, the author shows Cao Rong's decision to change the battle, Sima Yi's conspiracy, and Zhang He's unfortunate ending, constructing a confusing historical picture.
First of all, the article fully affirmed Zhang He's strategic wisdom and military talent. As the number one general in Cao Wei's army, Zhang He once became the natural enemy of the Shu army with his excellent command and tactical ability. His strategizing has shown itself well in many Northern Expeditions, and even surpassed Sima Yi. However, it was precisely in the face of Cao Ei's temporary change of generals in such a capable general that caused turmoil and unrest in the entire army.
Second, the article provides an in-depth analysis of Sima Yi's political skills and rejection of Zhang He. Sima Yi's conspiracy found space in Cao Rong's heart, and he gradually marginalized Zhang He by changing generals on the spot, which eventually led to Zhang He's unfortunate end. The author points out that Sima Yi's strategy stemmed primarily from his position as an auxiliary political figure in Cao Pi's posthumous edict and his rivalry with Zhang He for power. The details of these political wrangles reveal the intrigues and deceit within the Cao Wei court.
In addition, the article also highlights the potential contradictions in the military and the instability of the military caused by Sima Yi's decision-making. The generals in the army were dissatisfied with the change of generals, and Guo Huai's opposition expressed the recognition of Zhang He by the people in the army, and also highlighted Zhang He's prestige in the army. This internal contradiction eventually became one of the reasons for Sima Yi to speed up the elimination of Zhang He.
Finally, by describing Zhang He's final ending, the article highlights Sima Yi's conspiracy and his thoughts about Zhang He. Zhang He's unfortunate ending on a mission made the entire historical event even more tortuous and tragic.
Overall, this article vividly shows the intrigues, contradictions, and tragedies between Zhang He and Sima Yi in the history of Cao Wei by digging deep into the details of historical events. At the same time, it deeply analyzes the personalities of historical figures and the thoughts behind their decisions, so that readers can better understand the political struggles and military disputes at that time.
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