In 219 AD, Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao and won the Battle of Hanzhong. Immediately, Liu Bei sent Liu Feng, Meng Da and others to occupy Shangyong and officially ascended the throne as the king of Hanzhong. In 221 AD, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty and established himself, and Liu Bei was proclaimed emperor in Chengdu, with the country name Han and the year name Zhangwu. After decades of struggle, Liu Bei finally achieved his grand goal of establishing Shu Han.
After Liu Bei became emperor, his subordinates and generals supported him, because Liu Bei's status as emperor meant higher official positions and titles. At the beginning of the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty, who were the highest-ranking military generals and civil ministers?
General: Ma Chao, the head of the Shu Han generals.
Before Liu Bei became emperor, Guan Yu had been beheaded by the Eastern Wu soldiers, making Ma Chao the highest-ranking military general in Shu Han. Ma Chao, whose name is Mengqi, was born in Fufeng Maoling, is a descendant of Han Fubo's general Ma Yuan, who became famous as a teenager and refused Cao Cao's conscription many times. In the sixteenth year of Jian'an (211), he united with the princes of Guanzhong to resist Cao Cao, although he was later defeated, he surrendered when Liu Bei attacked Liu Zhang, and was named Hussar General and Liangzhou Mu after the Battle of Hanzhong. At this time, Ma Chao became the highest-ranking military general in Shu Han.
Wenchen: Zhuge Liang, the wise prime minister is in charge of Shu Han.
After Liu Bei became emperor, the most important of the civil servants was Zhuge Liang. He followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan to Jingzhou in his early years, and with the successful establishment of Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang was appointed as the prime minister and the secretary of the book. In ancient times, this official position was almost the pinnacle of power under one person and above ten thousand people. It was only in 208 AD that Cao Cao was reinstated as prime minister. Zhuge Liang played a key role in persuading Liu Bei to ascend the throne and become the resourceful prime minister of Shu Han.
Ranking of generals: Zhang Fei and Ma Chao, competing for power and strength.
When Liu Bei was proclaimed emperor, in addition to Ma Chao, Zhang Fei became the second largest figure in the Shu Han military generals after Ma Chao. Although Zhang Fei was canonized as a general of the chariot cavalry, he actually served as a lieutenant and had greater real power. Ma Chao served as a hussar general, a position that had been established during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was second only to the Great General and the Great Sima.
Wenchen promotion: Xu Jing and Liu Ba, Prime Minister Shadow and Shang Shuling official positions.
Among the ministers, in addition to Zhuge Liang, the official positions of Xu Jing and Liu Ba are also eye-catching. When Liu Bei was proclaimed emperor, Xu Jing was appointed as Situ, an official position close to the prime minister in terms of rank, making it have a comparable status with Zhuge Liang. After Fa Zheng's death, Liu Ba served as Shang Shuling, an official position equivalent to the deputy prime minister during the Three Kingdoms period. However, Liu Ba's death in 222 AD gave Zhuge Liang an absolute voice in the Shu Han regime.
The power of the prime minister reappeared: after Zhuge Liang's death, there was no successor.
After Zhuge Liang died of illness, Shu Han never established the official position of prime minister. The power of the prime minister may pose a threat to the emperor, so the queen Liu Chan chose not to create this position. However, Xu Jing and Liu Ba's official positions were nominally similar to Cheng's, demonstrating their political influence.
Through the distribution of official positions in the early days of the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty, we have a deeper understanding of the status of military generals and civil servants in the political arena at that time. Ma Chao, Zhuge Liang, Xu Jing, Liu Ba and others played an important role after Liu Bei became emperor, and jointly made outstanding contributions to the stability and prosperity of Shu Han.
The article on the distribution of military generals and civil servants in the early days of the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty profoundly reveals the emergence of various important players in the political system after Liu Bei became emperor. The political structure of this historical period, as well as the power contest between military generals and civil ministers, provide useful insights into the internal structure of the Shu Han regime during the Three Kingdoms period.
First of all, the article clearly pointed out that after Liu Bei became emperor, Ma Chao became the highest-ranking military general in Shu Han. This is valuable information for both historical researchers and general readers. Ma Chao's rise contrasts sharply with Guan Yu's unfortunate fate, highlighting the brutal competition and struggle for survival among the generals. Ma Chao rose to fame at a young age and confronted Cao Cao several times before finally surrendering to Liu Bei, demonstrating his unwavering loyalty and outstanding military prowess.
Secondly, for Wenchen, Zhuge Liang's position is obviously unshakable. As the prime minister, he assumed extremely important responsibilities and made outstanding contributions to the establishment and consolidation of Shu Han with his wisdom. The article emphasizes Zhuge Liang's crucial role in Liu Bei's proclamation as emperor, especially in the process of persuading Liu Bei to ascend the throne as emperor. This highlights Zhuge Liang's far-reaching influence in political decision-making and his irreplaceability in Liu Bei's regime.
In terms of the ranking of generals, the article makes an interesting analysis of Zhang Fei and Ma Chao's competition for power and strength. Although Zhang Fei was second only to Ma Chao in terms of official position, his actual power as a lieutenant made him even more important politically. This kind of power contest not only reflects the fierce competition between military generals, but also reveals the delicate relationship between political status and actual power.
In terms of the promotion of Wenchen, the change of official positions of Xu Jing and Liu Ba added more layers to the political landscape. Xu Jing's position of Situ is close to that of the prime minister in terms of official rank, showing his emergence among the civil servants. Liu Ba, as a scholar of Shangshuling, was equivalent to a deputy prime minister during the Three Kingdoms period, and had a certain role in promoting the stability of the regime. This change in official promotions reflects the delicate balance in the political system and the coordination of various key players.
Overall, this article vividly restores the distribution of the official positions of military generals and ministers in the early days of the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty, and through an in-depth interpretation of the roles and influences of each important role, readers can more clearly understand the power relations and games within the regime at that time. The political turmoil of this historical period not only provides us with clues to understand the political evolution of the Three Kingdoms period, but also reveals the complexity of power and politics in modern society.
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