How to choose the voucher to be extracted by the audit needs to understand the general procedure of the audit of the voucher, and the audit voucher should be selected according to the specific audit purpose to choose the correct extraction method.
How to select the selected vouchers for audit and random vouchers to be audited are generally carried out according to the following procedures:
1. According to the number of vouchers of the audited unit (in this unit) and the use of accounting subjects, the number of accounting subjects and monthly vouchers is preliminarily determined, such as the "bank deposit" account, and 2 vouchers are randomly checked every month.
2. For the accounting subjects and accounting vouchers that have been randomly checked, the main contents are checked and the audit working papers are recorded: whether the financial procedures are complete, whether the financial internal control system is effective, whether the voucher elements are complete, whether the attached original invoices meet the regulations, whether the amount is correct, and whether the journals and sub-accounts are consistent.
3. Finally, according to the inspection situation, make your own audit judgment (conclusion) in the audit working paper, such as what problems, what financial regulations are violated, how to improve, whether the account certificate is consistent, etc.
How to choose the extracted voucher needs to be understood according to the specific audit purpose, which generally includes:
First, how to select the extracted voucher for the audit sample, first confirm the overall sample.
Second, how to select the vouchers to be extracted by the audit, it is necessary to determine the number of vouchers that need to be sampled for professional judgment, that is, the sample size.
Third, how to select the extracted voucher for the audit needs to determine the final execution of the voucher inspection, and the items to be inspected are analyzed according to the specific situation of the audit purpose. Generally, the following items should be checked: whether the amount is accurate (valuation), whether the accounting treatment is appropriate (classification), whether the approval is complete (internal control test), and whether the attachments of the voucher are complete (authenticity).
Fourth, how to select the extracted vouchers needs to determine the method of selecting the vouchers. The method of selecting the voucher can be a random number table, or a random sample can be generated by computer software. The actual implementation is often to select large and important items as samples, and at the same time take into account the frequent occurrence of small items to randomly select a number of items for inspection.
The Bottom Line:
1. The content of the original voucher is complete.
2. Authorized and approved.
3. The accounting is handled correctly.
4. The content of the account certificate is consistent.
5. The amount of the account certificate is consistent.
6. Record in the correct accounting period.
When drawing the evidence, it should be carefully and carefully, and the evidence in hand can be seen to see the original, and only the copy should be provided with the relevant original for viewing
Pay attention to whether the evidence is smeared, unclear printing, illegible handwriting, etc., or whether there are anomalies such as abbreviations or typos on company letterhead.
This is basic common sense, and while we are not experts in verifying authenticity, we should reasonably question and verify evidence that is clearly anomalous.
Drawing method:
Since it is audit sampling, it will be different for different firms, different teams, and different projects, so I will not discuss the issue of how to sample too much here.
Precautions:
1.Monetary funds
Cash on hand:Pay attention to whether the scope of cash expenditure in hand is in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations or the company's internal control regulations. Pay attention to whether there is a cash receipt in the revenue recognition, which needs to be paid attention to.
Bank Deposits:Large bank deposits should be checked from the statement to the bank deposit certificate and bank voucher;Pay attention to whether there is a situation of "flying in the air". Note if there are off-the-books accounts. Pay attention to whether the use of the raised funds account is standardized.
Funds in other currencies: Attention should be paid to the existence of restricted funds, which should be traced back to the relevant contractual agreement.
2.Notes Receivable:
Pay attention to whether there are restrictions such as pledges, whether there is discount business or endorsement transfer business, and whether there is recourse, and should be traced to the relevant contract. In addition, pay attention to whether the bill is a commercial acceptance bill or a bank acceptance bill.
3.Accounts receivable:
Relevant contracts, outbound orders, acceptance documents, logistics documents and other relevant materials should be traced;Payments should be made to see if the name of the company is consistent with the company that recognizes the revenue. Accounts receivable credit amounts are hedged against accounts payable and are not explained in the relevant attachments.
4.Inventory:
Check whether the picking list, inbound list, and outbound list are numbered consecutivelyPay attention to whether there is a costing order for the carry-forward allocation costPay attention to whether the purchase of raw materials or inventory goods is a large use of cash;
5.Construction in progress:
The expenses included in the construction in progress are large and miscellaneous, and the invoices are incomplete;There is no corresponding calculation for interest capitalization;The construction in progress shall be included in the fixed assets according to the final accounts of completion, and the cost shall not be provisionally estimated;The sets of accounts are not classified by item and are accounted for together. The relevant construction contract, approval, budget and other information are incomplete.
6.Fixed assets, intangible assets, long-term amortized expenses:
Incomplete ownership information;Some of the information is not standardized, no invoices, no contracts, etc.;Long-term non-payment of cash flow;
7.Short-term borrowings:
Pay attention to whether the loan is overdue;Pay attention to whether there are any asset restrictions in loan contracts, mortgage contracts or similar contracts.
8.Accounts Payable:
The payment is not the payment for the goods, and there may be transactions of other nature.
9.Other receivables:
Pay attention to whether the reserve fund is reimbursed in a timely manner;Is there a large amount of expenses posted?
10.Employee Compensation Payable:
The year-end bonus is arbitrary, and there are no attachments.
11.Selling expenses, administrative expenses:
There is no attachment to part of the cost provision, and there is no basis;The fees paid are whole and large, and there are no formal invoices and contracts, only receipts.
12.Deferred Earnings:
There are no ** subsidy application documents and approval documents;Asset-related grants are treated as income-related, but the agreement does not satisfy the conditions;
13.Paid-up capital, capital reserve:
The industry and commerce have not changed, and the paid-in capital has increased at will;If the conditions are not met, the appraised value will be recorded, and the assets and capital reserve will be inflated.
14.Income statement items:
Use more analysis procedures to find "suspicious points", and implement them in spot check vouchers. However, it should be noted that some items or details should focus on logical checking, rather than random check vouchers, such as: the accrual of wages;the allocation of depreciation and amortization, and so on.
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