Self-examination of undergraduate production and homework management exam knowledge points
1. Introduction to production and operation management.
Production and operation management is the management process of a series of activities such as the design, planning, organization, coordination, supervision and control of the production (or service) operation system in order to achieve business objectives. Production and operation management involves the effective use of internal and external resources to meet market demand and improve the competitiveness of enterprises.
2. Strategic management of production and operation.
Enterprises should formulate appropriate production and operation strategies according to their actual situation and market environment. The formulation of the strategy should take into account the characteristics of the enterprise's products, market demand, resource status and competitive situation. At the same time, enterprises should pay attention to the implementation and adjustment of the strategy to ensure the effectiveness of the strategy.
Third, the production process and production mode.
A production process is a collection of activities that a business uses to convert inputs into outputs. Enterprises should choose appropriate production methods according to market demand and their own conditions, such as assembly line production, flexible manufacturing, etc. At the same time, enterprises should pay attention to the optimization and improvement of the production process to improve production efficiency and product quality.
Fourth, production planning and control.
Production planning is the planning and arrangement of future production tasks of the enterprise, including demand, capacity planning, master production plan, operation plan, etc. Enterprises should develop a reasonable production plan to meet market demand and achieve business goals. At the same time, enterprises should establish an effective control system to supervise, control and adjust the production process to ensure the smooth implementation of the production plan.
5. Job planning and scheduling.
The operation plan is the arrangement and organization of specific production tasks by the enterprise, including the processing sequence of parts, operation time, resource allocation, etc. Enterprises should formulate scientific operation plans to improve production efficiency and resource utilization. At the same time, enterprises should carry out job scheduling to ensure the smooth implementation of the job plan.
6. Inventory management and procurement management.
Inventory is an item or material that a business stores to meet future production or sales needs. Enterprises should establish a scientific inventory management system, reasonably control inventory levels, and avoid excessive inventory backlog and waste. At the same time, enterprises should strengthen procurement management to ensure the quality and quality of raw materials, parts, etc.
7. Quality management.
Quality management is a series of activities for enterprises to control and improve the quality of products or services. Enterprises should establish a sound quality management system to ensure that product quality meets relevant standards and customer requirements. At the same time, enterprises should focus on quality improvement and innovation to improve the competitiveness of products or services and customer satisfaction.
8. Equipment management and maintenance.
Equipment is an important tool and means for enterprises to carry out production or services. Enterprises should establish a scientific equipment management system, strengthen the maintenance and maintenance of equipment, and ensure the normal operation and service life of equipment. At the same time, enterprises should pay attention to the renewal and technological transformation of equipment to improve the performance and efficiency of equipment.
9. Environmental management.
Environmental management is the control and improvement of the environmental impact of production and business activities by enterprises. Enterprises should pay attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, and take effective measures to reduce pollution and resource consumption. At the same time, enterprises should strengthen the construction of environmental management system and improve the environmental awareness and ability of employees.
10. New development of production and operation management.
With the progress of science and technology and the changes in the market environment, production and operation management are facing new challenges and development opportunities. Enterprises should focus on the application of new technologies and methods, such as smart manufacturing, lean production, etc., to improve production efficiency and flexibility. At the same time, enterprises should pay attention to cross-departmental and cross-enterprise collaboration and cooperation to achieve resource sharing and complementary advantages.