Around the world, large populations are often seen as a force and a great opportunity. However, opportunities often come with enormous challenges, especially in the process of providing sufficient land and jobs to ensure full employment. This problem is particularly pronounced in some large countries, such as India and Brazil, where unemployment has been the main source of social pressure. However, for small, relatively sparsely populated countries, employment pressures are generally less. Mongolia is an exception, despite its sparse population, which faces severe unemployment.
We know that Mongolia has a vast land area of 1.56 million square kilometers, but its population is only 3 million, which is not enough to support the population size of a large city in our country. In theory, this means that most of the area is sparsely populated and no man's land, and there should be no significant employment pressure. However, this is not the case, especially in Mongolia, where unemployment remains high, especially in the capital and major cities.
To understand this phenomenon, we can take the example of Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia. There are a lot of slums, a lot of young people who can't find jobs, and a lot of homelessness. What is particularly worrying is the massive exodus of young people from Mongolia, and even the emigration abroad, the core reason is that they cannot find a job and the problem of unemployment is serious. Why, then, does Mongolia face such high unemployment despite its sparsely populated population?In fact, there are two main reasons.
Urbanization rate is too high:
For Mongolia, due to the vast amount of land, if the majority of the population is engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, it is theoretically not a big problem. However, during the Soviet era, Mongolia forcibly relocated herders to large cities such as Ulaanbaatar, concentrating more than 70% of the population in cities, resulting in a high rate of urbanization, which in turn led to unemployment.
The industry is almost zero:
There is almost no manufacturing industry in Mongolia, whether it is heavy or light industry, almost non-existent. From automobiles and machinery to daily necessities, they all rely on imports. Due to the lack of manufacturing, there is no need for a large number of laborers, and it is impossible to meet the employment needs of young people. As a result, unemployment in Mongolia remains high. To make matters worse, foreign investment could have led to employment, but after Mongolia restricted foreign investment in 2012, foreign investment withdrew one after another, preventing foreign investment from playing a leading role.
It is precisely because of these two reasons that Mongolia is facing a high unemployment rate and huge social instability, especially in the context of the continuous economic downturn, the unemployment problem is even more severe, and it has become the biggest crisis in Mongolia's development. ** The need to improve the level of welfare has instead contributed to the phenomenon of unearned gains and laziness, and finally the country has fallen into a development dilemma from which it is difficult to extricate itself. What do you think about this issue?Welcome to leave a message, together**!
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This thought-provoking article on unemployment in Mongolia provides an insightful analysis of the reasons behind the sparsely populated but high unemployment rate. After reading it, I have a deeper understanding of the situation in Mongolia and have some opinions on the two main reasons mentioned in it.
First of all, the problem of high urbanization is really worrying. The article points out that during the Soviet era, Mongolia forcibly relocated herders to large cities, which led to high urbanization rates, which in turn led to unemployment. Such coercive urbanization policies may have been seen as a modern impetus at the time, but they ignored the actual social resilience. Urbanization is supposed to be an orderly and sustainable development, not forced centralization. This policy has led to an influx of people into cities, but cities have not provided enough jobs and have instead created unemployment.
Secondly, the fact that the industry is almost zero is also a key factor. The article points out that Mongolia has almost no manufacturing industry and relies on large imports. This has made it impossible to provide enough jobs in the country, and it has been exacerbated by restrictions on foreign investment. Such restrictions on foreign investment may protect domestic industries in the short term, but in the long run, they deprive the state of opportunities to attract foreign investment and stimulate economic growth. Far from solving the problem of unemployment, this policy has made Mongolia's economy more vulnerable.
I think there is a need for more flexible policies to address this issue. First of all, the management of urbanization should be strengthened, and orderly urban development should be promoted to avoid excessive population concentration. Second, it is necessary to actively guide the development of industries, especially to cultivate local manufacturing industries and increase domestic employment opportunities. At the same time, restrictions on foreign investment should be relaxed, more investment should be attracted, and economic diversification should be promoted. These measures require the joint efforts of **, business and all sectors of society, but they are a viable way to solve the problem of unemployment.
Overall, this article provides a thought-provoking case study through an in-depth analysis of the unemployment problem in Mongolia. In today's globalized world, countries are facing similar challenges, so Mongolia's experience can serve as a reference for other countries. Through reasonable urbanization management and industrial development, we can better solve the problem of sparse population and high unemployment rate, and promote the sustainable development of the country.
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