China's abandoned seeds, large-scale planting in Africa, the price of seeds is 13 yuan, a new trend in global agriculture
On the development prospects of China's sesame industry.
According to relevant information, in the past.
In the past two or three decades, the scale of sesame production and production in China have shown a downward trend. For example, in Henan Province, in the 80s of the last century, there were more than 1 million hectares of sesame cultivation in the country, and the highest reached more than 100,000 tons. But by 2015, the area of arable land had shrunk to 500,000 hectares, and production had been reduced by 50,000 tons, and in just over 30 years, the economy had experienced a serious decline.
For this point, Uncle Wang, a farmer who has been doing it for many years, has a deep understanding. Their family has been cultivating sesame seeds in Lankao County for generations, and when they were young, when they saw the sesame flowers in full bloom in autumn, they became a large white sea. But nowadays, there are fewer and fewer people growing sesame seeds, and Uncle Wang only switched to planting five years ago. He sighed: "We can't plant anymore, because the salary is small, and few young men are willing to plant." ”
1. Labor costs are rising and productivity is decreasing.
The declining competitiveness of China's sesame industry is caused by a variety of factors. First of all, rising labor costs and declining productivity are structural problems. In the process of urbanization, along with the urbanization process in China, a large number of migrant workers have lost a large number of labor, resulting in a large number of labor shortages, and at the same time, the quality of human resources has also followed. However, in terms of cultivation methods, the growth of crops is limited, and it is difficult to effectively improve the yield of crops.
2. There are few cultivated varieties, and the production quality does not meet the world standard.
Secondly, China's current sesame germplasm resources, whether in terms of yield or quality, can not reach any country in the world. China is rich in sesame germplasm resources, but its cultivation and breeding lag far behind the market. Compared with high-quality, high-yield and high-quality sesame varieties at home and abroad, there is still room for improvement in yield and quality.
3. Constraints of international barriers.
Third, the constraints of international barriers make it difficult for our sesame to participate in the competition in the international market. In the world, in the world, under the constraints of various barriers, China's sesame products are difficult to develop in the world, and they compete in the world.
The rationale for the development of the sesame industry in Africa.
Unlike us, sesame production in parts of Africa is at a high stage. For example, at the beginning of the 21st century, Sudan produced only 1 million metric tons of sesame seeds per year, but now it has reached 1.5 million metric kilograms, an increase of more than 50%, making it the world's largest exporter of hemp farmers. There are two important reasons that have encouraged the people of Africa to develop sesame seeds:
1. Low input and low number of laborers.
First of all, it has good adaptability to land, meteorology, agriculture, etc., and does not require much labor, and is relatively simple to operate. Compared with grain, the cultivation of sesame seeds does not require precise cultivation, and can be irrigated intermittently according to requirements, and mechanical operations can be used during harvesting, which greatly reduces the requirements for agricultural labor. This coincides with the lazy work Xi of Africans, so growing sesame seeds has become their first choice.
2. Growing export demand.
Secondly, the sesame industry in Africa is growing rapidly and is closely linked to the needs of the global market. In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for sesame, sesame oil and other products at home and abroad. Africa is the largest region of our country and has the capacity to adapt to the needs of the rest of the world. In particular, Asian countries such as China and India have a huge demand for African sesame seeds, so African sesame seeds have become their best import resources.
Strategies and suggestions for the development of sesame in China.
On this basis, the countermeasures to improve the production efficiency of sesame seeds in China are proposed
1. Improvement of process and efficiency.
It is necessary to further improve the scientific research level of sesame varieties in China and intensify the selection and breeding of sesame varieties in China. In order to further improve the yield and quality of sesame seeds, new varieties with high quality and high yield suitable for local meteorological and soil characteristics were selected and bred. On this basis, vigorously develop modern and efficient cultivation, efficient cultivation and labor saving.
2. Expand the international market and expand economic and trade exchanges.
Expand your business around the world and expand your domestic market. Actively explore domestic and foreign markets and expand the export of sesame products. On this basis, we should also increase the quality supervision around the world and formulate corresponding standards to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.
3. Strengthen the industrialized operation of agriculture and strengthen the organization of peasant households.
Promote the industrialization of China's sesame industry, build a sound industrial chain and farmers' cooperation mechanism, and enhance farmers' production enthusiasm and income. In order to reduce the production cost of farmers and enhance their market competitiveness, agricultural machinery, agricultural materials and technical training are provided.
Based on the above analysis, a series of countermeasures and measures are proposed to solve the current problems. Improving the content of science and technology, expanding the international market, and strengthening the industrialization of agriculture are important ways to promote the continuous development of China's sesame industry. On this basis, the linkage of enterprises, farmers and other parties can make China's sesame industry develop rapidly.