1. Those who have ovarian cancer and a family history of breast cancer.
Between 5% and 10% of breast glands are familial. In particular, the risk of breast cancer in mothers or sisters is 2 to 3 times higher than in the general population.
2. Early menarche and late menopause
People who first menstruate before the age of 12 and stop menstruating after the age of 55 have a 1 to 2 times higher risk of developing breast cancer than the general population.
3. Single, late childbearing, not breastfeeding.
Those who have not given birth or have children after the age of 35 are more susceptible to excess estrogen stimulation due to the lack of progesterone protection.
4. High-fat diet, obesity.
Obese people have a 1-1 higher risk of breast cancer than normal people5 times, 2 times higher risk of breast cancer spreading. Postmenopausal women who are overweight or obese have a 30% increased chance of developing breast cancer.
5. Long-term stress and depression.
Long-term mental stress and tension and frequent late nights can lead to endocrine imbalance and increase the risk of breast cancer.
6. Long-term estrogen acceptance**.
Long-term estrogen replacement, such as menopausal hormone replacement** or other hormone replacement**, increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Breast hyperplasia.
Benign breast hyperplasia generally does not become malignant, but malignant transformation may occur in patients with older age, longer medical history, larger lumps, and insignificant relationship between lumps and menstruation.
There is currently insufficient evidence to suggest a direct association between breast size and the risk of breast cancer. There are many causes of breast cancer, including genetic factors, hormone levels, lifestyle, etc., and breast size is not the main influencing factor.
1. Lump:Slow-growing, painful lumps are mostly benign growths or inflammationRapidly growing, poorly demarcated lumps need to be checked as soon as possible.
2. Inverted nipples:There are several causes of inverted nipples, including overly tight clothing, especially in women during breast development, improper use of bras, too small and too tight, and early use and other genetic factors.
3. **Ulcer:In breast cancer patients, some patients will have the most problem, which is manifested as local ulceration that cannot be cured for a long time, accompanied by a large amount of bloody and purulent foul odor secretion.
4.Redness, warmth:Darkened and warm nipples and areolas may indicate hypertrophic or cystic hyperplastic lesions in both or unilateral breasts, or may be accompanied by increased estrogen levels in the body.
5. Nipple discharge:There are many causes of nipple discharge, in addition to breast hyperplasia, there are also breast tuberculosis, mastitis, breast cancer, etc., and some female endocrine disorders can also cause nipple discharge. These disorders can be both benign and malignant and require prompt investigation.
6. Small concave point:The appearance of "dimples" in the breast is a sign of suspensory ligament involvement. Chronic inflammation of the breast, fat necrosis, subcutaneous thrombophlebitis of the breast and postoperative bruising contracture may cause depression.
7. Deep induration:If you feel a firm, smooth surface in the breast, but it grows slowly and there is no other feeling of induration, it may be an adenoma.
8. Orange peel changes:Breast cancer subcutaneous lymphatic vessels are invaded and lymphatic return is blocked, which can cause edema, but the hair follicle will not be edema, so it is easy to have a sunken surface, just like orange peel.
9. Asymmetry:Congenital asymmetry is mainly due to the influence of estrogen and progesterone in the body during puberty, resulting in the rapid development of one breast with strong development and the slow development of the other breastAcquired asymmetry mainly occurs in women who have given birth to breastfeeding, Xi to use one breast when feeding, or incorrect feeding posture and method.
10. Vein appearance:Because the superficial veins are superficial and close to **, they can be varicose during pregnancy and when breast lesions progress rapidly, such as breast sarcoma.
11. Hardening:Implanted breasts are susceptible to hardening.
12. Local depression:The implant is misaligned and prone to depression.
Ways to do after breast cancer include:Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine**, and targeted**Wait. **The choice of modality will be determined according to the specific situation of the patient, the size of the lesion, the stage and other factors.
For early-stage breast cancer, surgery is the most common modality, and breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy can be chosen, supplemented with radiotherapy or endocrine. For advanced breast cancer, a combination of chemotherapy and targeted breast cancer is usually required.
The specific method needs to be comprehensively considered according to the specific situation of the patient, including the size and stage of the lesion, the age of the patient, the physical condition, genetic factors, etc.