Sweet potato is an important cash crop with high nutritional value and economic value. In order to increase the yield of sweet potatoes, a series of management measures need to be taken. This article will introduce the management techniques of sweet potato, including variety selection, land preparation and fertilization, seedling management, growth period management and pest control.
First, the selection of varieties.
There are many varieties of sweet potatoes, and different varieties have different growth characteristics and yields. Therefore, when selecting varieties, it is necessary to consider comprehensively according to factors such as local climatic conditions, soil fertility and market demand. It is recommended to choose varieties with short growth cycle, wide adaptability, strong disease resistance, high yield and good quality.
2. Soil preparation and fertilization.
Sweet potatoes are root crops that require deep soil and adequate nutrients to grow well. Therefore, delicate land preparation and fertilization work is required before planting. First of all, it is necessary to plough the land, break the bottom layer of the plough, and increase the permeability of the soil. Secondly, it is necessary to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer, to provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of sweet potatoes.
3. Seedling management.
Seedling management of sweet potatoes has an important impact on their growth and yield. During the seedling raising period, attention should be paid to maintaining a suitable temperature and humidity to promote the growth of seedlings. When the seedlings grow to a certain extent, they should be transplanted in time to ensure that the seedlings have enough space to grow. When transplanting, it is necessary to choose cloudy or sunny days in the morning and evening to avoid high temperature and strong light to cause damage to seedlings.
Fourth, the growth period management.
1.Water management: Sweet potatoes need adequate water to grow. During the growing period, keep the soil moist by watering it in time according to soil moisture and weather conditions. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to drainage and waterlogging to avoid root rot caused by soil waterlogging.
2.Fertilization management: During the growth period, reasonable fertilization should be carried out according to the growth of sweet potatoes and soil fertility. Generally speaking, nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be applied once at the vine extension stage and root expansion stage respectively to promote the growth of sweet potato and the development of root tubeers. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive plant growth.
3.Weeding management: During the growing period, weeds should be removed in time to avoid competing with sweet potatoes for nutrients and water. Be careful not to damage the roots and leaves of sweet potatoes when weeding.
5. Pest control.
Sweet potatoes are susceptible to pests and diseases during their growth. Common diseases include black spot, root rot, etc., and common insect pests include aphids, red spiders, etc. In order to control pests and diseases, it is first necessary to select varieties with strong disease resistance, strengthen field management, and improve the disease resistance of plants. Secondly, it is necessary to regularly check the growth of plants, and take timely measures to prevent and control pests and diseases. Comprehensive control can be carried out using a combination of biological, physical and chemical control methods.
6. Harvesting and storageWhen the tubers of sweet potatoes are fully expanded and the temperature gradually decreases, they can be harvested. Care should be taken during harvesting to avoid damaging the roots and plants. After harvesting, it should be stored in time to avoid the invasion of frost damage or disease. Before storage, the tubers should be selected and treated, and the diseased and insect-eaten parts should be removed, and then dried and stored. During storage, it is necessary to maintain a suitable temperature and humidity, and regularly check the storage situation to ensure the safety and quality of the tubers. In short, in order to make sweet potatoes produce high yields and high quality, a series of management measures need to be taken. From variety selection to soil preparation and fertilization, from seedling management to growth period management, from pest control to harvesting and storage, it is necessary to manage and operate carefully and meticulously. Only in this way can we bring higher economic and social benefits to growers. Sweet potato cultivation techniques