In 1127, the shame of Jingkang was engraved in the long river of history. Song Qin Zonghui, Song Qin Zongqin, queens, concubines, emperors, princesses, palace people, ministers, craftsmen, girls, advocates, gold and silver, treasures, cultural relics, antiques, books, books, all were looted by the Jin army, Kaifeng City was devastated, and there were many complaints.
Yellow River natural risk: Kaifeng is easy to attack and difficult to defend the natural shortcomings.
Kaifeng, located in the Central Plains, has the Yellow River in the north. This geographical location makes Kaifeng easy to attack and difficult to defend, and the only barrier of the Yellow River has brought both the convenience of water conservancy and the threat of flooding. Historically, the Yellow River has burst its banks many times, and Kaifeng City has been reduced to a vast ocean, and its prosperity has been destroyed. Today, the underground of modern Kaifeng City is superimposed with the city ruins of the Qing Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Five Dynasties.
Flood worries: Why didn't the Northern Song Dynasty move the capital to Chang'an?
During the Song Dynasty, the Yellow River burst its banks, threatening Kaifeng. Although the Yellow River was changed, it was fruitless to work the people and lose money. At the beginning of Zhao Kuangyin's founding of the country, when he was considering moving the capital, why didn't he choose Chang'an?The terrain of Chang'an is steep, the Yellow River has the natural danger of Kunshan Mountain and Hangu Pass, "according to the victory of mountains and rivers", Qin, Han and Tang dynasties are all set to be here. However, Chang'an is also plagued by flooding.
Unique Wonder: The phenomenon of "stacked cities" in Kaifeng City.
The threat of the Yellow River has made Kaifeng City a flooded place many times in history, presenting a unique wonder of "stacked cities". Under the modern Kaifeng City, the city ruins of the Qing Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Five Dynasties are superimposed layer by layer, witnessing the changes of history.
The choice of the south: why not choose Luoyang?
Luoyang, known as "in the world", boasts of mountains and rivers, and its shape is better than the world. However, the rebellion and frequent wars in Tang Anshi still made Luoyang's prosperity and glory gone. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the canal was silted, making it impossible for Caoyun to reach Luoyang. Luoyang's advantages as a national capital have long been recognized by successive rulers, but various problems make it a less than ideal choice.
Caoyun economy: the Song Dynasty's capital Kaifeng's helpless and wise choice.
In ancient Chinese dynasties, the center of gravity was mostly in the north. The monarchs of the Northern Song Dynasty knew that the foundation of the country was in the north, and although they had the intention of moving the capital, they finally gave up. Kaifeng defeated Chang'an and Luoyang and became the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Cao Yun became the most important consideration. Zhao Kuangyin once said: "I have three jade belts, one for the Bianhe River, one for the Huimin River, and one for the Wuzhang River." The Bianhe River, the Huimin River, and the Wuzhang River constituted the three pillars of the Northern Song Dynasty's economy.
Summary: Wise economic geography choices.
Considering political, economic, military and other factors, Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, was a helpless and wise choice. The Caoyun economy has become the pillar of the Yellow River City, and in the long river of history, Kaifeng has therefore carried the rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the shadow of the Yellow River, Kaifeng has become a witness of history, witnessing the fate of a country and the vicissitudes of a city.
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The article profoundly explains the reasons for choosing Kaifeng City as the capital during the Northern Song Dynasty, and makes a detailed comparison and analysis of other possible sites. It shows the social, geographical, and political considerations of the time from many aspects, so that readers can better understand the complexity of historical decision-making. The following is a review of the article.
First of all, when the article explains the reasons why the Northern Song Dynasty chose Kaifeng as the capital, it fully demonstrates the complexity of China's social, geographical, and political considerations at that time. The problems of the Yellow River's natural hazards, floods, and transportation in the south have all been well expounded in the article. Through an in-depth analysis of these issues, the reader will be able to understand the historical environment of the time more clearly.
Secondly, the paper makes a detailed comparison of other possible capital sites, such as Chang'an and Luoyang, which highlights the relative advantages of Kaifeng. Chang'an's rugged terrain and frequent floods, while Luoyang's war-torn and canal blockages make them relatively undesirable. Through comparative analysis, the article successfully presents readers with the helplessness and wisdom of the Northern Song Dynasty in choosing Kaifeng.
In addition, as a highlight in the article, the Caoyun economy has been deeply excavated and analyzed. Zhao Kuangyin's "Three Jade Belts" is not only a figurative statement, but also a deep understanding of economic geography. Through this economic factor, this paper reveals the actual needs of the Northern Song Dynasty to choose Kaifeng, making Kaifeng a reasonable choice for the economic center and the political center.
Finally, through the review of the historical background and the in-depth excavation of the social phenomena at that time, the article successfully presents the historical background of Kaifeng as the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Through in-depth analysis, the article shows the readers the trade-offs and considerations of historical decision-making, so that readers have a more comprehensive understanding of this historical period.
Overall, this article presents a clear and detailed historical picture through an in-depth study of the choice of the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty and a comprehensive examination of relevant historical factors. The author's knowledge and analytical skills of the historical background enable readers to understand more deeply the complex reasons why the Northern Song Dynasty chose to open the feudal capital.
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