During the year-end physical examination season, fasting examination items are indispensable, why do you want to fast?What other conditions should I fast?Chief physician Sun Longkai and Yin Peihao of Putuo District Central Hospital popularized science for us!
Fasting test items
The most common items,Such as abdominal ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, liver and kidney function, blood routine, etc., need to fast for more than 8 hours.
Abdominal examination should be fasting, on the one hand, the gallbladder is full in the fasting situation, which is conducive to examination;On the other hand, food debris can affect the observations, and substances such as juice, milk, coffee, etc., can cause changes in the color of the mucous membranes.
Blood routine, liver and kidney function will be caused by the nutrients in the diet into the blood, resulting in changes in blood glucose, creatinine, urea, triglycerides, glycerol, and free fatty acids, and the results will be significantly different from the normal value, which is easy to cause misjudgment by doctors.
In addition to fasting physical examination items, clinically, these conditions also need to be fasted!
Fasting before anesthesia
Fasting before anesthesia, the main reason is:While the patient is receiving general anesthesia, an endotracheal tube will need to be placedto facilitate the patient's breathing or to receive anesthesia. During placement, the patient is unconscious, and if the patient vomits at this time, the stomach contents are aspirated into the trachea, causing aspiration pneumonia, which is an extremely dangerous situation and has a very high mortality rate.
Although fasting can cause discomfort to the patient, it is necessary for safety reasons. AndFastingUsually required8 hours after dinner；If yesDrink water, you need to make sureInterval of more than 2 hours before surgery
Of course, there are exceptions to everything. For example, emergency surgeryToo late to fastAlthough there is an increased risk of aspiration, the urgency of the condition necessitates immediate surgery. During the procedure, the doctor will also place a gastric tube to aspirate the stomach contents as much as possible to reduce the probability of aspiration.
Surgical requirements
Gastrointestinal surgery,For example, for the removal of stomach cancer, bowel cancer, and polyps, it is necessary to empty the intestines and remove food, drink, excess water, and stool before surgery.
If the intestine is not emptied in time, food debris may flow from the wound into the abdominal cavity during the operation, contaminating the abdominal cavity, and the surgical incision will be difficult to heal due to contamination.
In more severe cases, the entire abdominal cavity is infected, leading to diffuse peritonitis, which can cause great harm to the patient.
Tips
Fasting is to better accept examination and treatment, so it is recommended that you follow the doctor's instructions and fast scientifically, which is also responsible for your own life and health!
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Editor: Chen Haixiao.
*Please indicate that it is from the official account of Shanghai Xuhui.