Some of the content:
Structural classification of organic compounds.
Organic compounds can be divided into aliphatic ring compounds and aromatic compounds according to the carbon skeleton. Aliphatic cyclic compounds do not contain benzene rings, whereas aromatic compounds contain one or more benzene rings.
Organic compounds can also be classified according to functional groups, such as substances formed by the substitution of hydrogen atoms of hydrocarbon molecules by other atoms or clusters of atoms, such as chloromethane (CH3CL) and methanol (CH3OH) in derivatives of hydrocarbons.
Properties of covalent bonds.
A single bond in an organic compound is a bond, a double bond contains one bond and a bond, and a triple bond contains one bond and two bonds. Bonds are relatively easy to break due to the less overlap of the orbitals, resulting in chemical reactions in compounds.
Types of hydrocarbons and their properties.
Alkanes are composed of full bonds and have high stability, common alkanes such as methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6).
Olefins contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond, such as ethylene (C2H4), which is highly reactive and allows for addition reactions.
Alkynes contain carbon-carbon triple bonds, such as acetylene (C2H2), which are more reactive and prone to a variety of chemical reactions.
It is hoped that through the understanding of these chemical concepts, we can understand the complexity and practicality of organic chemistry more comprehensively. These are not only conducive to our mastery of chemical knowledge, but also help us take a solid step on the road of chemical exploration.
High School Chemistry