When compiling the question bank for junior high school entrance examinations, I noticed that the difficulty level is close to that of junior secondary level, so we should not underestimate the challenge of Chinese reading comprehension in primary school. For example,There is an exam question selected from Lin Qingxuan's article, which examines the role of sentences.
In reality, many junior high school students are not even aware of the concepts of "expression characteristics" and "expression effect". If they can't understand the question clearly at the review stage, then the answer can only be guessed, and the results will depend on luck.
So, how do you effectively answer these kinds of questions?Here are some must-have knowledge and abilities:
1.Students need to be able to accurately identify question types.
When faced with an essay and the questions that follow, the key is to understand the questions rather than just focusing on the content of the text. If the question contains a technical term such as "expressive characteristics" or "expressive effect", students should be able to immediately judge that this is a question about the role of a segment.
As for the concept of "expressive effect", it refers to the various techniques and methods used by the author in the writing process in order to make the article more emotional and impressive to the reader. Its purpose is to enhance the expression of the article.
Methods to improve the expression of sentences, paragraphs, and essays include rhetorical devices, presentation devices, and structural devices, respectively. At this stage, children need to systematically learn the basics of reading comprehension in order to better cope with such topics.
To complete the questions well, it is necessary to master five core concepts and 34 sets of professional skills.
2.Use circle reading to understand the text
After deciding on the question type, we can use the circle reading method to read the passage. Chinese may have the largest reading volume of all subjects, so how to improve children's reading speed and problem solving speed has become an urgent problem to be solved.
Why can't I finish or understand the article?
This is mainly due to the lack of effective reading methods, the inability to quickly capture the main information of the article, summarize the content of the article, and thus understand the topic of the article.
The process of reading in circles is similar to practicing sentence reductions. In elementary school, if you are proficient in sentence contracting, it will become relatively easy to read an article.
What is an abbreviation?
Abbreviation is a sentence application technique that removes some supplementary explanations and retains the main stem of the sentence without changing the main meaning of the sentence.
If writing is a process of expanding sentences to make them richer and more detailed, then reading is a process of shrinking sentences, quickly revealing the backbone of sentences by removing redundant parts.
How to make a short sentence, the following four methods need to be remembered:
First, understand the core of the sentence, explicitly'What the subject is doing'or'What is the state of things'。For example, the original sentence is:'A group of lively and cute children are playing on the big grass by the lake', the abbreviated sentence should read as:'Children playing'。
This is followed by five removal steps:
1.Delete'of'Words before the word.
2.Delete'land'Words before the word.
3.Delete'Yes'Words after the word.
4.Remove quantity phrases.
5.Remove words or phrases related to time, place, direction, direction, manner, purpose.
For example,'Swarms of mosquitoes flew in the dark', after the abbreviated sentence'Mosquitoes flew over'。
Grandma smiled from ear to ear', after the abbreviated sentence'Grandma laughs'。
In summer, the scorching sun hangs high in the blue sky', which is still after the abbreviated sentence'In summer, the scorching sun hangs high in the blue sky'。
Then there are the four retention principles:
1.Keep the necessary words or phrases.
2.Reserved'On, on, over'。
3.Retain the negation.
4.Maintain the tone and end-of-sentence punctuation of the original sentence.
For example,'Could it be that he wants to sleep peacefully here for half a day?', after the abbreviated sentence'Could it be that he wants to sleep?'。
When children are able to practice such abbreviated sentences for each paragraph, they will be able to refine the main idea of each paragraph, and then integrate the meaning of each paragraph to summarize the main content of the passage in one sentence. By summarizing the content, they can understand the text and thus understand the purpose of the author's writing, which is the central idea of the article.
Therefore, it is crucial to master the technique of sentence reduction.
Well, the purpose of the circle reading method is to understand the content of the passage in depth, and the two key measures of understanding the passage are:
1.Summarize the content: Accurately grasp the main information and details of the article.
2.Refinement Center: Understand the topic and deeper meaning of the text.
These two criteria are essential for subsequent answers to the exam questions.
When dealing with various types of functional problems, I propose a unique flowchart for problem solving, which unfolds the problem from three aspects:
The first step is content comprehension:
Take this sentence in the exam question as an example, "The mother sparrow chirped, and the little sparrow squeaked and laughed, apparently cheering for the mother, but there was no applause, and two of them were almost somersaulting." Children need to understand the surface and deep meaning of this sentence.
Superficial meaning involves summarizing the main content of a sentence from the way it is expressed. If your child can't figure out how to express it, he or she may not be able to summarize it accurately.
The deeper meaning relates to the meaning of the sentence in the text. If children can't understand the text, then they can't explain what it means in the text.
The second step is the analysis of the technique
Investigate the four major methods one by one
Figures of speech. Expression.
Structural approach. Depiction.
For example, when a figure of speech is identified in a sentence, the child should be able to clearly identify which figure of speech it is and understand its role in the sentence.
The third step, the central refinement:
After completing the first two steps, children can use the "143 refining method" to refine the main idea of the passage by using the circle drawing reading method to understand the passage.
Broadly speaking, these three main perspectives constitute the overall framework thinking of answering questions, covering dozens of knowledge points. With this framework, children can follow the framework when answering questions, so as to avoid missing answer points and reduce the loss of points and deductions.
Reading comprehension is an ability that cannot be mastered by studying, but needs to be mastered through practice. We will not only teach the children how to do it, but also accompany them to do practical exercises through live companionship.
If you want to systematically teach your child, you can use itReading comprehension is practiced in three brushes and one practiceLearning mode!
Three brushes =Brush the concept + brush the question type + brush the method
Brush concept= 5 cores and 34 groups of professional terms.
Brush question type= 8 major question types and 21 small question types.
Brush method= 22 sets of matching solution lists.
One practice= Practice the more than 200 special exercises we have summarized.
The whole process, from concepts to question types to methods, and finally through special training, children can flexibly master all the modules of Chinese reading comprehension!
Don't memorize by rote, there are mantras
There is no need for parental counseling, and parents are completely liberated