When did Mongolia separate from China?Mongolia, abbreviated as Mongolia, is a landlocked country surrounded by two countries in central Asia, between China and Russia. In modern history, Mongolia was originally part of China, and officially declared its independence on July 10, 1921.
Historically, Mongolia was ruled by many nomadic peoples such as the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Rouran, Turkic, and Khitan. In 1206, Genghis Khan established the Great Mongolian State. His grandson Kublai Khan founded the Yuan dynasty in 1271, and after its demise, the Mongols retreated to the Mongolian steppe, but often clashed with the Ming on the border.
At the end of the 17th century, the whole of Mongolia was brought under the rule of the Qing Dynasty. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, Mongolia declared independence, but it was not internationally recognized.
On June 7, 1915, the Nationals signed the Sino-Russian-Mongolian Entente, which still legally recognized China's sovereignty over Outer Mongolia.
In 1919, the Kuomintang declared the document on the autonomy of Outer Mongolia between China and Russia invalid, and sent Xu Shuzheng to lead the army into Outer Mongolia and restore territorial sovereignty.
In February 1921, due to the fact that the national ** was tired of the warlord melee, a rebellion broke out in Outer Mongolia, and the national ** garrison completely withdrew from Outer Mongolia after the defeat. On July 10, the government led by Kulen and Jebtsundamba officially declared its independence and established a constitutional monarchy of Mongolia**.
In 1924, the Nationals** and the Soviet Union signed the Agreement on the Outline of the Settlement of Outstanding Cases, which still stipulated that Outer Mongolia was part of China's territory.
In May 1924, Mongolia abolished the constitutional monarchy, established a republic, and established the Mongolian People's Republic.
At the Yalta Conference held in August 1945, the Nationalists agreed to sign the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the Soviet Union in exchange for the withdrawal of Soviet troops from the Northeast and the non-assistance to the Communists, and agreed to the Soviet Union's position on the independence of the Outer Mongolian regime.
October 20, 1945 The people of Outer Mongolia held a referendum under the supervision and control of the Outer Mongolian authorities and the Soviet Union, 97Eight percent of citizens were in favor of Outer Mongolia's independence from China.
On January 5, 1946, the independence of the Mongolian People's Republic was officially recognized.
On October 16, 1949, the People's Republic of China and Mongolia established diplomatic relations and recognized the independent sovereign status of the Mongolian People's Republic.
In 1953, after Khrushchev came to power, the People's Republic of China began to negotiate with the Soviet Union, trying to refuse to recognize the independent status of the Mongolian People's Republic, which was rejected by the Soviet Union.
In 1953, the Chiang Kai-shek regime abrogated the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance and refused to recognize the independence of the Mongolian People's Republic.
In 1960, the People's Republic of China and Mongolia signed the Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance between China and Mongolia.
Mongolia joined the United Nations in 1961.
In 1962, the People's Republic of China and Mongolia signed the Boundary Treaty.
In 1994, the People's Republic of China and Mongolia amended the Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance between China and Mongolia and signed the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperative Cooperation between China and Mongolia.