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Materials Science and Engineeringno.1Professional analysisCode: 080401
Discipline category: engineering
Duration of study: 4 years
Educational level: Bachelor's degree (general education).
Degree Title:workBachelor's degree
Materials are all-encompassing and ubiquitous in the world. Food, clothing, housing, transportation, everyone will encounter many materials such as metal, rubber, magnetic, optoelectronic and so on every day, as small as a needle, a piece of paper, a plastic bag, a piece of clothing, as large as transportation, medical equipment, engineering construction, information and communication, aerospace, everywhere there is a figure of material science.
Materials Science and Engineering is a broad major that involves materials science, engineering, and chemistry. Based on materials science, chemistry and physics, the major mainly studies the composition, structure, processing technology and its properties and applications. In fact, the history of the development of human civilization is a history of how to make better use of materials and create materials, and the continuous innovation and development of materials has also greatly promoted the development of social economy.
In the Catalogue of Undergraduate Majors in Colleges and Universities, materials science and engineering is a first-level discipline in the materials category of engineering, and the second-level disciplines include materials science, materials physics and chemistry, materials processing engineering and other major professional directions. The materials category also includes many majors, mainly including: metal materials engineering, inorganic non-metallic materials engineering, composite materials and engineering, polymer materials and engineering, etc.
Materials Science and Engineering majors at the university.
In the first and second years, students will generally be given Xi in basic subjects, such as Advanced Mathematics, Linear Algebra, General Physics, Computer Basics, C Language, English, etc. After the senior year, professional courses will be offered, such as inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, introduction to materials science and engineering, physical properties of materials, mechanics of materials, fundamentals of materials engineering, basic experiments of materials majors, mechanical properties of engineering materials, modern materials research technology, and so on. (Specialized courses may vary depending on the focus of each school.)
Main disciplines:Materials Science and Engineering
Core Knowledge Areas:Engineering Graphics, Fundamentals of Mechanical Design, Fundamentals of Electronic and Electrical Technology, Engineering Mechanics, Fundamentals of Materials Science, Fundamentals of Materials Engineering, Material Preparation Technology, Material Production Equipment and Production Technology, Material Research Methods and Testing Technology, Material Properties and Applications, etc.
Main Practical Teaching Links:Understand the Xi, production Xi, electrical and electronic Xi, mechanical course design, professional course design or professional comprehensive test, graduation project (**, etc.)
Major Professional Experiments:Material preparation method experiments, material mechanical properties experiments, material physical properties experiments, material structure analysis methods and testing technology experiments, etc.
Suggestions for Elective Subjects:Physics + Chemistry
no.2Xi must be qualified
Through the Xi of basic theories and related knowledge of materials science and engineering, as well as the basic training of material preparation, performance analysis and testing skills, students of this major master the basic laws of the relationship between material composition, preparation methods, organizational structure and properties, as well as the basic methods of material design, preparation and process control, so as to have the knowledge and ability to carry out basic theoretical research of materials science and engineering, material design, material performance optimization, new material development and material production management.
Graduates are expected to acquire knowledge and competencies in the following areas:
Master the basic theories and basic knowledge of natural sciences such as mathematics, physics and chemistry required for materials science and engineering, master the basic knowledge and skills of drawing, machinery, electrical and electronic technology and computer application required by the major, master a certain degree of humanities and social science knowledge and basic knowledge of economic management, and be proficient in a foreign language and have the ability to apply foreign languages comprehensively.
Master a solid basic knowledge of materials science and engineering, and master the conventional material preparation, material properties and structural analysis and testing methods and technologies in this professional field.
Possess the ability to analyze and solve practical problems in material production using appropriate materials science and engineering theories and experimental methods, as well as to engage in scientific research.
Understand new materials, new processes, new equipment and advanced material preparation and processing production methods, as well as the development status and trends of this specialty.
Have effective communication and exchange skills, and be familiar with the guidelines, policies and regulations of the industry.
Have a good work ethic and be able to consciously assume professional, social and environmental responsibilities.
no.3Profession & Employment
According to the data, the scale of graduates of ordinary colleges and universities majoring in materials science and engineering is 18,000-20,000 people, the proportion of men and women is: 69% of men, 31% of women, the national employment rate has maintained a growth trend in the past three years, from 78% to 95%, the employment rate is at a high level, and the market still contains great potential.
Industry insiders said that materials science and engineering is a basic discipline with a wide range of applications, and the employment rate is not the highest among engineering majors, but it is still relatively stable.
Taking Beijing University of Chemical Technology as an example, the employment rate of materials science and engineering majors in 2018 was 100%. The main employment units are: China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, China National Petroleum Corporation, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, China National Chemical Corporation, BOE, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Building Materials Research Institute, China Textile Research Institute, AVIC, etc.
The employment rate of graduates majoring in materials science and engineering at Beihang University can reach 100%.
In recent years, this major of Shanghai Jiao Tong University has stood out among traditional disciplines, and the employment rate of undergraduates has been around 99.
As mankind enters the new century and the development of science, whether it is in the field of industry, construction, medical or aviation, materials science is facing technological breakthroughs and major industrial development opportunities. At the same time, the technological innovation of new materials represented by polymer materials, nanomaterials, optoelectronic materials, biomedical materials and new energy materials is also very active. Many daily chemical, machining, petrochemical, and steel manufacturing enterprises need talents in materials and related engineering.
After graduation, students can go to materials and polymer composite materials molding and processing, polymer synthesis, chemical fibers, new building decoration materials, modern spraying and packaging materials, ceramics, cement, household appliances, electronic and electrical, automobile factories, iron and steel enterprises, petrochemical, manufacturing enterprises, aerospace and other enterprises engaged in design, new product development, production management, market management and first-class department work, can also go to colleges and universities, scientific research units to engage in scientific research and teaching, but also to the first-class department to engage in administrative management, quality supervision and other work.
In addition to employment, another major destination for undergraduates is to pursue graduate studies or further studies. It can be said that the high rate of graduate students is a major feature of materials majors. The knowledge Xi that students learn at the undergraduate level is also comprehensive and foundational, so as to lay a good foundation for future Xi. If you want to have in-depth research and development in a certain field, you need to further study and Xi. It can be seen from the academic requirements and treatment of many enterprises that highly educated graduates are significantly better than undergraduate graduates in terms of employment environment and salary. As a result, a high proportion of graduates are admitted to graduate school and continue their studies.
For example, the proportion of materials science and engineering graduates of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics studying in graduate school and going abroad has reached 67%;In the past three years, the proportion of undergraduate graduates in Beijing University of Chemical Technology who have been admitted to graduate school and gone abroad has remained above 60%;About 50% of Tianjin University's undergraduate graduates go to graduate school, and 5% of students choose to go abroad for further study, and with the strengthening of international cooperation, this data is also increasing year by yearIn recent years, the proportion of outstanding undergraduates in this major choosing to continue their postgraduate education has also increased significantly, and the proportion of continuing their studies after graduation exceeds 50.
no.4Application Guide
Materials science and engineering is booming, and many engineering and comprehensive colleges offer this major. At present, there are more than 200 colleges and universities in China that offer materials science and engineering majors, and each university has different professional directions and training priorities. The choice of professional direction may directly affect future employment, and candidates should have an understanding of the characteristics of the school and the direction of the major when considering the institution, and then choose the school and major that meet their own situation after seeing the goal clearly.
Some well-known universities in China have their own characteristic directions for materials science and engineering majors, such as:Tsinghua University, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Wuhan University of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Beihang University, Zhejiang University, Tianjin University, Central South University, Donghua University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyWait. The materials science and engineering programs at these universities are ranked in the top 20 in the fourth round of subject evaluation by the Ministry of Education.
Beijing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsMaterials science and engineering is the first major in the country to carry out the reform pilot of "material science talent training", and it cultivates talents according to the first-level discipline. The major has the most advanced teaching concept in line with international standards and the curriculum system of "public basic + major discipline platform courses + professional direction courses", and after the senior year, it is trained in five directions: metal and ceramic materials, special functional materials and devices, polymers and composite materials, material processing engineering and automation, corrosion and protection.
University of Science and Technology BeijingMaterials science and engineering is the first batch of national key disciplines, and the majors of materials science and engineering are recruited according to the first-level disciplines of materials science and engineering, including materials forming and control engineering, materials physics, materials chemistry, inorganic non-metallic materials engineering, nanomaterials and technology, etc. Students are divided into majors at the end of their freshman year.
Materials majors mainly study the composition, structure, processing technology and properties of materials, while the factors that constitute the properties and structure of materials are mainly their chemical structures. It can be seen from the courses studied in this major - inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, ......Many of his courses are related to chemistry. It can be said that chemistry is the basis for studying the properties of materials, and the further processing, modification, and plasticity of materials are inseparable from the foundations of chemistry and physics. Therefore, when candidates apply for this major, they must choose according to their own interests and hobbies and actual conditions, and students who like chemistry and physics should be able to learn Xi like a fish in water.
In addition, material majors also have certain requirements for the physical condition of candidates, which are corrected to 48. Lenses, candidates with a power greater than 800 degrees are not suitable for material majors. Majors with mild color vision abnormalities (commonly known as color deficiency) that cannot be admitted include polymer materials and engineering majors in the materials category. In addition, in addition to polymer materials and engineering, the majors that cannot be admitted to patients with color vision abnormalities (commonly known as color blindness) also include materials physics, metallurgical engineering, and inorganic non-metallic materials engineering.
Candidates must pay attention to check the enrollment regulations of each institution or consult the school's recruitment office when applying for the exam, so as to avoid misselection and omission.