Watermelon investment is small, quick effect, easy to plant, high yield, good efficiency, planting watermelon has become the main way for many farmers to get rich, how to plant watermelon to get high yield?Years of production practice have shown that as long as the following eight technical points are mastered, it is difficult for watermelons to be high-yielding. Let's take a look at the eight technical points.
First, the selection of land preparation.
It is advisable to choose fields with convenient drainage and irrigation, loose and fertile soil, and plenty of sunshine, and prepare the land in time to raise the furrow, and the furrow width is 2-25 meters (package ditch), 6-10 meters long, ditch width 30-40 cm, depth 25-30 cm. Apply 1500-2000 kg of rotting farmhouse fertilizer and 40 kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu, mix well and apply it to the furrow surface, and then plant melon seedlings from the furrow.
Second, seed selection and germination.
Choose excellent varieties, such as black beauty, new beauty, new Jinhui, etc. Select plump seeds, soak them in 30-35 water for 4-6 hours or keep them in an incubator for 30 years to germinate, and sow them after the seeds are exposed.
3. Sowing seeds and raising seedlings.
Generally, the on-demand sowing method is used, where 1-2 seeds are placed in each hole, covered with 2-3 cm thick fine soil, and then covered with a film. After the seedlings emerge, the film should be removed in time to prevent the seedlings from burning, and spraying to prevent cataplexy. When the melon seedlings grow 2 true leaves, the seedlings are thinned, the seedlings are replenished, and the seedlings are fixed, and one strong seedling is left in each hole.
Fourth, pruning and pressing vines: watermelon branch ability is strong, when the stem vine grows to a certain length, it is necessary to prune and press the vine, generally using the three-vine pruning method, retaining the main vine and two side vines, distributing the three vines evenly on the furrow surface, and pressing the vine every 4-5 knots to promote the melon vine to stretch around. Meet the nutrients needed for fruit expansion.
5. Flower and fruit protection: In order to improve the fruit setting rate of watermelon, the method of artificial assisted pollination can be adopted. Artificial pollination at 8-10 a.m., the stamens of male flowers can be applied to the stigma of female flowers, and bees can also be released during the full flowering period for auxiliary pollination, which can significantly improve the fruit setting rate and yield of watermelon.
6. Fertilizer and water management.
Watermelon needs sufficient water and nutrients during the growth period, under the premise of applying foot fertilizer, seedling fertilizer needs to be topped at the seedling stage, generally mixed application with 5 kg of urea + 10 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, and watering. 10 kg of urea + 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu for top dressing at the vine extension stage to promote the growth of stems and vines, 15 kg of urea + 20 kg of compound fertilizer + 5 kg of potassium sulfate fertilizer per mu after fruit set, to promote fruit expansion, in addition, spray foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the later stage of fruit expansion to prevent premature plant senescence and improve the yield and quality of watermelon.
7. Pest control.
The main diseases during the growth of watermelon are cataplexy, anthracnose and wilt. Cataplexy can be sprayed with pesticides such as Lvheng No. 1 and methyl tobuzin;Anthrax can be controlled with pesticides such as methyl tobuzin or chlorothalonil;Fusarium wilt can be controlled with pesticides such as chlorothalonil or chlorothalonil. The main insect pests are small ground tigers and aphids. Small ground tigers can be killed by enemies or pesticides such as Lesbourne;Aphids can be controlled with pesticides such as imidacloprid or aphid-resistant pesticides.
8. Harvesting. The ripening period of watermelons varies depending on the variety and cultivation season. Generally, early-maturing varieties mature about 30 days after pollination, and medium-maturing varieties mature 35-40 days after pollination. When harvesting, keep the melon stalk and melon vine 1-15 cm to keep fresh. After harvesting, it should be sold or stored in time for preservation. Storing fresh watermelons should be harvested when they are eight ripe, and the melon stalks and melon vines should be retained1-15 cm to keep fresh. Before storage, it should be soaked in 1000 times of 70% methyl tobuzin or 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 3 minutes to prevent the occurrence of diseases. During storage, maintain a suitable temperature and humidity, and pay attention to ventilation.