Christmas Eve is peaceful, Christmas is only legendary, but no one suppresses the foreign festival, the subway Christmas Eve is specially delayed to 12 o'clock in the middle of the night, but the merchant said, no Christmas trees, no banners, no activities, must be closed on time ......The subway ran empty a few times, and few people knew what was going on and didn't want to make trouble. No flowers, no wine, no Qingming, silent Christmas, no advocacy of the foreign festival is no problem, not advocating is not advocating, and the foreign festival competition, it is better to make the Spring Festival lively, dragon and lion dances are more fireworks than Santa Claus, the traditional festival is fun, the foreign festival will naturally leave, why make things so extreme?Kuaishou said that December 24 is not Christmas Eve at all, and since the defeat of the US army at Changjin Lake, there has been no such thing as Christmas, as if Christmas is exclusive to Americans.
Who wants to decouple, I really can't understand it.
Let's talk about the Boxers.
The Boxer Rebellion of 1900 was the first time that Chinese and Western cultures collided head-on. For 3,000 years, the entry of "foreigners" into China is a program that every dynasty has to stage, and the reason why "foreigners" put quotation marks is because later this quotation mark is gone, and the Wuhu barbarians have been assimilated by the Han culture without exception, and the assimilation process is gentle and drizzle, moistening things silently, and taking the initiative to naturalize. The Northern Wei Dynasty was the Xianbei regime, Emperor Xiaowen's original surname was Tuoba, and he took the initiative to change the Han surname Yuan, and he also ordered the Manchu Dynasty civil and military to wear Hanfu and speak Chinese, and intermarry with the Han people, and the Xianbei people became part of the big family of the Chinese nation.
When the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, Kangxi also realized that it was necessary to retain national characteristics, repair wicker edges, do not allow Han people to go to the Northeast, prohibit Manchu and Han intermarriage, and in the late Qing Dynasty, all regulations became waste paper, not to mention the common people, even the Manchu nobles can speak Manchu There are not many people. The Manchu ruling class kept their heads and did not keep their hair, who dared to assimilate them, it was they who liked Han culture, studied seriously, and even learned to bind their little feet, and in the end, only braids remained in the Manchu and Han banquets.
The great integration of the Chinese nation has a common characteristic, that is, the advanced culture defeats the backward culture without a fight. When the Western powers came, they were also regarded as Yidi at first, but later they found out that it was not the case, the blonde and blue-eyed foreigners were different from the blonde and blue-eyed Hu people, they had their own advanced culture, and they could not be assimilated, and people of insight realized that this was "a change unseen in three thousand years".
It was against this background that the Boxer Rebellion took place. After the Western powers opened the door to China with strong ships and cannons, they built churches, spread religion, and enjoyed extraterritoriality according to the treaty, which broke the original power structure of the Qing Dynasty and formed the rock-paper-scissors that Wang Xiaobo said.
In order to attract believers, the church promises many benefits, and the religious masses are called religious people, and these people do not necessarily really believe in any God, but they ask the church to use foreigners as a protective umbrella to get some benefits, for example, the government is afraid of offending the foreigners, so it favors the religious people, which further intensifies the contradictions between the religious and non-religious people.
Some missionaries were doctors, and while they were preaching, they also treated the common people. Unlike traditional Chinese medicine, Western medicine performs surgery at every turn. So there are rumors that foreigners gouge out their eyes and pluck their hearts, and some children are abducted by human traffickers, and it is rumored that they were eaten by foreigners in the church.
The conflict between the villagers and the church in Guanxian County, Shandong Province, over land encroachment became the fuse of the Boxer Rebellion. The Boxers, formerly known as Hequan, were an underground gang organization of boxers and martial arts practitioners, who raised altars to invite God, claiming that they were invulnerable, burning churches, killing foreigners, destroying machines, telephone poles, railways, Western pharmacies, foreign merchants, foreign religions, and foreign festivals ......Everything that has anything to do with foreign countries is eliminated. The original slogan of the Boxers was "oppose the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty," but according to the needs of the situation, it was changed to "help the Qing Dynasty and destroy the foreigners," and they raised the banner of patriotism and became the embodiment of justice.
The Empress Dowager Cixi suffered from the West's wretchedness, misjudged the situation, thought that the people's hearts were available, and wanted to use the Boxers to drive the foreigners out of China, and ordered the Boxers to enter Beijing to set up an altar, and the Boxers had the legitimacy to be ordered to beg the thieves, and the fire became more and more prosperous.
The Western powers were worried that they could not find an opportunity to expand the war against China, and now they saw that the Qing Dynasty was on the side of the Boxers, and the eight-nation coalition forces of Britain, Russia, Japan, France, Italy, the United States, Germany, and Austria, under the leadership of British Vice Admiral Seymour, successively captured Tianjin and Beijing, and looted on a large scale. Seeing that the situation was not good, the Empress Dowager Cixi turned her hands into clouds, declared the Boxers an illegal organization, sent troops to suppress them, and soon extinguished the Boxers.
The Boxer Rebellion lasted three months. In September 1901, the Qing Dynasty signed the "Xinchou Treaty" with the eight foreign countries, Belgium, Spain, and the Netherlands, and China compensated 450 million taels to each country, with a total price and interest of more than 9800 million taels**, secured by customs duties and salt taxes. This amount of compensation was punitive in nature, and the Chinese population at that time was 4500 million, one tael of silver per person. During the boxing rebellion, the ** people also took advantage of the chaos to occupy the entire territory of the Northeast. After the Treaty of Xincho, China was completely reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
The positive meaning of the Boxer Rebellion was anti-imperialist patriotism;The negative connotation is blind xenophobia, hatred of all foreign things, and in essence a manifestation of cultural self-confidence.