In Chinese idioms, there is a concept that means that people must endure unbearable hardships in order to finally get what they desire. This idiom is "lying on the salary and tasting the guts".
The origin of the term "lying on salary and tasting gall" can be traced back to the Wu and Yue kingdoms in the Spring and Autumn Period. These two countries were initially placed outside the Chinese civilization, and only gradually merged after continuous contact with the Central Plains civilization, and their status was similar to that of Chu.
In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Wu and Yue rose to become countries with similar strength in the land of China at that time, however, in a battle with Wu, the Yue Kingdom was defeated, and the King of Yue tried his courage for 20 years before finally winning the opportunity to restore the country.
Later, the Yue State fell into civil strife, and the Chu State took the opportunity to occupy most of its territory, and the remaining ancient Yue people gathered along the Yangtze River to form Baiyue, and since then they have withdrawn from the Central Plains hegemony stage.
After Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms, he aimed to recover the Baiyue land. However, in the face of such a vast territory, Qin Shi Huang mobilized the strength of the Seven Kingdoms and mobilized 500,000 troops to launch an offensive. However, the complexity of Baiyue was far greater than expected, and the Baiyue army, which was skilled in guerrilla warfare, actually defeated the powerful Qin army, causing it to lose its armor and even the main general to die in battle.
However, Zhao Tuo's escape laid the groundwork for the later recovery. Zhao Tuo reformulated his tactics and adopted a two-pronged approach, using the national power of the Qin Dynasty to gradually suppress Baiyue. In the course of the war, he was well versed in the principle of attacking the city and attacking the heart, and by improving the living conditions of the people of Baiyue, he won the hearts of the people, and finally succeeded in recovering Baiyue, and the Qin Dynasty established a new administrative region in the south.
However, Qin Shi Huang died in a hurry after unifying the country, leading to the rapid collapse of the powerful Qin dynasty. At the same time, the Baiyue region governed by Zhao Tuo has become increasingly stable and powerful. Although equal in power to the emerging Han Dynasty, Zhao Tuo chose to submit to the Han Dynasty and entered the territory of the Han Dynasty.
After Zhao Tuo succeeded to the throne, he skillfully took advantage of the special geographical and political advantages of the Baiyue region, and in fact still retained his autonomy. He led the Baiyue army, secretly conquered the surrounding small regimes, expanded the territory to 460,000 square kilometers, and proclaimed himself the martial king of South Vietnam.
Zhao Tuo carried out cultural, scientific and technological and economic reforms in the Baiyue Kingdom before becoming emperor, so that the strength of the Baiyue Kingdom reached the highest level within the Han Dynasty. Eventually, he openly proclaimed himself emperor and became the true ruler of South Vietnam.
However, the Han Dynasty was dissatisfied with South Vietnam and sent a large army to wage a fierce war against South Vietnam, and after a year, the South Vietnamese Kingdom was destroyed. After Zhao Tuo enjoyed the kingdom for 93 years, the Nanyue Kingdom was declared extinct, and the Han Dynasty established nine counties in the original Nanyue region.
History has mixed evaluations of Zhao Tuo. Some people called him a good patriotic emperor, while others condemned him for usurping power and seeking the country. He may have been loyal to the Qin dynasty at some moments, but when the Qin dynasty fell, he did not do his best to help, and became an indelible stain.
However, Zhao Tuo is also constrained by the situation. When he received orders from the Han Dynasty, he had to guard Baiyue and could not return to his division at will. He may not be able to react to the fall of the Qin Dynasty in time.
Zhao Tuo, a man who rose from the fall of the Zhao state, eventually became the true ruler of South Vietnam. His life was magnificent and legendary, leaving behind a treacherous chapter in history.
This article about the history of Zhao Tuo and Baiyue makes people think deeply about the changes of history and personal destiny. As a historical figure, Zhao Tuo's life has experienced ups and downs, showing the intricate relationship between personal talent and historical situations.
Zhao Tuo has shown outstanding political wisdom and military talent in history. He used a variety of strategies in the governance of the Baiyue region, including military strategy, cultural integration, and improvement of people's livelihood, and finally succeeded in achieving the unification of the Baiyue region, and proclaimed himself the martial king of South Vietnam. This flexible and pragmatic way of governing the country makes people have to admire his wisdom and leadership ability.
However, Zhao Tuo is also controversial in historical evaluation. Some see him as a patriotic hero, praising him for his loyalty and hard work to the Baiyue region in difficult times. But others criticized him for usurping power and not sending troops to help him when the Qin dynasty fell, which became an indelible stain on him.
This history also reflects the delicate relationship between power and historical context. Zhao Tuo may have been loyal to the Qin Dynasty, but when the situation forced him, he chose to adapt to the situation and eventually became the ruler of South Vietnam. This kind of power scheme and political change may be the fate given to him by history, and it is also the choice he made in the complicated historical changes.
Another thought-provoking aspect is the intersection of the individual and history. As an individual, Zhao Tuo's life has experienced ups and downs from the destruction of the country to the establishment of the country, and he has also become a part of the torrent of history. His decisions and actions have had a profound impact on the entire country and nation. This interweaving of personal destinies with the course of history presents the enormous pressures and responsibilities that a person is subjected to at a particular moment in history.
Overall, this essay is not just a narrative about the history of Zhao Tuo and Baiyue, but also a reflection on history, personal destiny, and power play. Zhao Tuo's legendary experience tells us that in the long course of history, one person may not be able to control the entire situation, but he can create a different destiny for himself and those around him.
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