I. Introduction.
The Red Army's Long March was a historical event of great significance in the history of the Chinese revolution, which took place from 1934 to 1936, lasted two years, and spanned most of China's territory. The victory of the Long March not only preserved the strength of the Communist Party of China and the Red Army, but also accumulated valuable experience for the victory of the Chinese revolution. This article will provide an in-depth analysis of the reasons for the Red Army's Long March.
2. The failure of the fifth anti-encirclement campaign.
The most direct cause of the Red Army's Long March was the failure of the Fifth Anti-Encirclement and Suppression. From September 1933 to the summer of 1934, the Red Army in the **Soviet zone carried out the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression operation. Due to the erroneous command of Bogu, the leader of the Communist Party of China, and Li De, a military adviser sent by the Comintern, the Red Army adopted an adventurist offensive strategy and engaged in positional warfare and a war of attrition with the enemy, resulting in repeated defeats of the Red Army and the shrinking of the Soviet area.
3. Encirclement and interception by the enemy.
Another reason for the Red Army's Long March was the enemy's encirclement, pursuit, and interception. After the failure of the fifth anti-encirclement campaign, the Red Army was encircled by the enemy and faced a serious existential threat. In order to preserve the revolutionary forces, the Red Army was forced to carry out a strategic shift, withdraw from the ** base areas, and carry out the Long March.
Fourth, the necessity of strategic shift.
The necessity of the Long March of the Red Army lay in the strategic shift. At the beginning of the Long March, the Red Army was preparing to make a temporary strategic shift, avoiding the enemy's main forces and looking for opportunities to fight back again. However, due to the reluctance to leave the Soviet zone, the Red Army moved slowly and suffered heavy losses. Especially in the battle of crossing the Xiangjiang River, the main force of the Red Army lost nearly half of it, and its vitality was greatly damaged. This forced the Red Army to move far away and move to the southwest, where the enemy's forces were weak.
5. The convening of the Zunyi Conference.
The convening of the Zunyi Conference was one of the important reasons for the Red Army's Long March. At the Zunyi Conference, ** re-established the leadership of the army, and thus began a new chapter in the Long March. After the Zunyi Conference, the Red Army changed from simply transferring and preserving itself to destroying the enemy and finding a new foothold.
VI. Conclusion. The main reasons for the Red Army's Long March included the failure of the Fifth Anti-Encirclement and Suppression, the enemy's encirclement, pursuit, and interception, the necessity of strategic transfer, and the convening of the Zunyi Conference. Together, these reasons prompted the Red Army to embark on the Long March, and in the course of the Long March, it gradually clarified the goal of going north to resist Japan. The victory of the Long March smashed Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to stifle the Chinese revolution, turned the Chinese revolution from danger to peace, and laid the foundation for the victory of the Chinese revolution.