Samuel Huntington (April 18, 1927, December 24, 2008).
Samuel Huntington, an American political scientist who shook the world. Even if you haven't read his writings, you must have heard of his doctrine - "The Clash of Civilizations" - he created it. Thirty years ago, Huntington put forward this theory, claiming that "the most pervasive, important and dangerous conflict of our time is a clash of civilizations between different values, beliefs and cultures." Huntington also made many prophecies, three of the most representative of which are being fulfilled one by one:
Prophecy 1: Conflict between China and the United States is inevitableHuntington said: The United States and China have no common goals on almost all major policy issues, and the differences between the two countries are comprehensive. At the root of the conflict are fundamental differences in social and cultural aspects. Regardless of the economic ties that exist between Asian and American societies, fundamental cultural differences will make it impossible for the two to live together.
Prophecy 2: The conflict between the West and IslamIt will continue to be staged
Huntington said that Islamic civilization is the only civilization that has ever threatened the existence of the West, and that has happened at least twice. On the one hand, conflict is the product of differences, however, conflicts also arise from their similarities. As long as the wave of Muslim population growth and Asia's economic growth continues, the clash between the West and the challenger civilization will become the center of global politics beyond any other dividing line.
Prophecy 3: The issue of immigration is raisedWestern PaulThe rise of the defending forces
Huntington said that immigrants from other civilizations refused to integrate into Western society and continued to uphold and promote the values, Xi and culture of their original society. The abandonment of Western civilization means the end of Western civilization. The future of the United States and the West depends on Americans reaffirming their responsibility to Western civilization. Within the United States, this means rejecting the seductive call for pluralism that has caused **. Internationally, it means rejecting the incomprehensible and illusory call for the United States to identify with Asia.
Huntington believes that culture has a much greater impact on the world than politics and economics. His views are controversial, but they are always thought-provoking. Each of Huntington's books is a classic, offering new perspectives on major issues of international affairs, state institutions, liberty and order. Through Huntington's work, we are able to think more deeply about how the world works and the logic of how it works. To understand the world today, Huntington's writings are indispensable.
For this reason, Huntington's "The Soldier and the State" is particularly recommended, which has been out of print for many years and is now exclusively resurrected, in small quantities, and is very worthy of collection.
Truman** dismissed General MacArthur from his post in 1951 for disobedience to orders was a momentous event that inspired Huntington to write his first academic monograph on the question of what kind of relationship the state should have with the military that represented conservatism in a liberal democracy.
Huntington reviews the formation of the military profession in a historical context, pointing out that the military profession not only has unique professional skills, but also distinguishes it from other professions through its unique responsibilities and inherent bureaucratic organizational autonomy, so it needs to be addressed as a key issue in the country's political structure. Through historical and comparative investigation, the basic ideal types of military-government relations are defined as "subjective civilian control" and "objective civilian control", with the former maximizing the power of the civilian group that can control military power, and the latter maximizing military careerism. On this basis, Huntington pointed out that the foundation of handling military-government relations lies in ideology, and that a shift from liberalism to conservatism is a necessary condition for ensuring military security.
Published in 1957, this book was widely discussed and controversial, established Huntington's academic status in one fell swoop, and has been reprinted 15 times, and is still the most influential work in the study of military-political relations, and it has always been a must-read classic in the field of political science.
This book examines the history of political relations between ancient and modern times, and proposes a new model for achieving a balance between the military and the government, which not only ensures the combat effectiveness of the army, but also eliminates the possibility of military affairs. The modern military-government relations in Western countries have largely benefited from Huntington's theoretical contributions.
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