The place with the lowest temperature in winter in China may be in the Heilongjiang area, and the temperature can reach about -40.
Zhang Xuefeng, a lecturer for postgraduate entrance examinations, once said that students born in the south should try not to apply for schools in the northeast, because it is so cold there that many people can't stand the temperature at all.
But if compared with the Siberian winter, the Northeast region is quite "warm", because in the Siberian winter, the minimum temperature in winter is almost -70, and it will last for half a year, which is a real "extremely cold place".
In order to cope with the harsh winter, the residents there will store about 500 kilograms of food per capita in late autumn and early winter, not including drinking water, firewood and other consumables.
Siberia means sleeping place in the Yakutian language, and it is also a description of the long, lifeless winter in Siberia.
This year, Russia** has issued four notices to residents of the Siberian region, three of which are conscriptions, and the last one is "winter preparations".
The word "prepare for war" is not an exaggeration, because winter is almost no different from war for them.
The most recent extreme temperature in Siberia was in 2021, when the lowest temperature in Saha was -624, but this is not the coldest place in Siberia.
The coldest region is the Yana Basin, where the lowest temperature on record is -70, and the lowest temperature in the last five years is -67 in 2018.
In such an extremely cold situation, even steel will be frozen into "popsicles", so brittle that you only need to kick it in half.
There is also an extremely hard "permafrost", with an average thickness of 1,493 meters in the Yana Basin, according to the latest survey in 2017.
Some indigenous people once complained that they hoped that they would never be born in Siberia again in the next life, which is not suitable for human habitation at all, and even if they die and dig a grave, it will take five or six days.
Because people need to use a fire to bake the permafrost before they start digging, and when they dig to a certain depth, they need to continue to roast with fire.
The reason why Siberia is so cold is because of the formation of the "Siberian cold current", which is often mentioned in weather forecasts, and in winter, the cold intensity continues to intensify because the Arctic receives very little light.
When this huge cold air mass converges to a certain extent, it will begin to spread to the south on a large scale under the action of atmospheric circulation.
Some people may say that since Siberia is so cold, it is better not to live there, but in fact, Siberia is of great significance to Russia.
Siberia is about 7,000 kilometers long and 3,500 kilometers wide, with a total area of 13.1 million square kilometers, making it the largest country in the world if it were a separate country.
Siberia is not only a large area, but also rich in natural resources, including a large number of minerals, oil, natural gas, etc., if Siberia becomes a huge no-man's land, then it will become even more difficult to exploit this resource.
In addition, if there are no residents, a large number of troops will be required to garrison them, which will be an unbearable expense for Russia.
It is precisely because of this that in the history of the land of Siberia, whether it was early Tsarist Russia, the later Soviet Union, and now Russia, they all racked their brains to develop Siberia.
It is precisely for this reason that after the end of World War II, Russia proposed the "Prisoner of War Camp Reconstruction Plan", and sent almost 600,000 Japanese prisoners of war to Siberia for infrastructure construction.
Although under the Russian plan, modern buildings have also risen in Siberia, an extremely cold place, but for **, the most important thing is how to make those immigrants willing to stay.
For this reason, Russia has given all the welfare policies it can come up with, including free housing, free medical education, lifelong job arrangement, and even direct cash distribution.
But even so, more than 70 percent of people have fled Siberia because they can't bear the cold, so much so that the total population of Siberia is only about 38 million.
So how did these people who stayed behind survive the harsh and long winter?
Yakutsk is an inland city in Siberia where the most important day of the year is not the New Year, where the most important day of the year is not the New Year.
Instead, quickly purchase enough winter reserves before the onset of winter.
At the end of August each year, a notice will be issued to remind residents to start purchasing food, and in addition to the staff at the township level, they will also go to the countryside to notify.
The state then deploys supplies to prepare for the local population's purchases.
In September, the city's heating pipes are activated, and in October, Yakutsk officially enters winter, and now they are curled up at home while we are enjoying the golden autumn season.
In winter, the mines in Yakutsk, as well as all open-pit operations, are stopped, and the vast majority of residents choose to hide in their homes.
Some people may think that such a life is simply a dream, not only to sleep in a reasonable way, but also to play games and eat unscrupulously.
But in fact, it's not as good as you think, the winter in Yakutsk lasts for about 7 months, and during this long time you have to constantly brave the cold wind of 4-7 to go out to shovel snow.
Often, you wake up to find that your door has been flooded with snow.
In addition, the food there may not be as good as you think, Siberia is not suitable for growing plants due to the presence of permafrost, only the southern border with Central Asia is acceptable, but the yield is very low.
This also leads to the fact that vegetables and fruits in the region are extremely high, and what to eat is often not up to them, Russian vegetables are expensive, but Siberia is even more expensive, and at its peak it even reached 10 times that of normal.
Such a ** is often only affordable for the local wealthy.
It was not until after 2000 that Chinese rented land in Russia to grow vegetables, which lowered the ** of vegetables, and later even ** unified procurement, and then sent to Yakutsk for sale.
And in Yakutsk, it is also very difficult to buy supplies, because in the conditions of extreme cold, it only takes five minutes after the car is turned off for gasoline to freeze.
So in Yakutsk, it is common to see a person lying on the ground and using a fire to smoke the car's territory.
Therefore, most people will choose to push a trolley to travel, although it seems a little old, but this is the most secure, after all, it is not allowed to bring too much food on the bus.
In the long winter, the people of Yakutsk are often accompanied only by cheap meat food, although it looks good, but if you eat it for half a year in a row, can you accept it?