In the long history of ancient times, the temple number carries the glory and inheritance of the emperor. The temple name began to sprout during the Shang Dynasty, but it was not widely used in the pre-Qin period. Until the Western Han Dynasty, temple names were widely used among emperors along with their names. Generally speaking, the temple name of the founding emperor is usually Taizu or Gaozu. However, Liu Bei, as the founding emperor of Shu Han, has a temple name of "Liezu", which stems from the historical continuation of Shu Han to the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty, so Liu Bei cannot follow the temple name of Taizu or Gaozu.
It is worth noting that after Liu Bei, there are still many emperors in history who chose "Liezu" as the temple name. However, the merits and prestige of these emperors were relatively low and could not be compared with Liu Bei.
1. The glorious years of Wei Liezu Cao Rong.
In May of the seventh year of the Huang dynasty (226), Emperor Wen of Wei fell seriously ill and made Cao Rong the crown prince and ascended the throne in Luoyang. During his reign, Cao Rong commanded Cao Zhen and Sima Yi to successfully defend against many attacks by Wu and Shu, pacified Xianbei, defeated Gongsun Yuan, implemented the Doctor of Law system, paid attention to the trial of prison lawsuits, and formulated the eighteen articles of the "Wei Law" with Shangshu Chen Qun and others, which became an important progress in the history of ancient legal codification.
On the first day of the first month of the third year of the Jing Dynasty (January 22, 239), Cao Rong died of illness in Luoyang, and was posthumously named Emperor Ming, the temple number Liezu, and was buried in Gaoping Mausoleum. Cao Rong was proficient in poetry and writing, and was known as the "Three Ancestors" of the Wei family together with Cao Cao and Cao Pi. Although the original collection of poems and essays has been dispersed, later generations edited two volumes of his prose and more than ten Yuefu poems.
Second, the prosperous time of Murong Jun, the former Yan Liezu.
Murong Jun, or Murong Jun, was the founding emperor of the former Yan during the Sixteen Kingdoms period and the second son of the former Yan civilization emperor Murong Hao. In the eighth year of Yonghe (352), Murong Jun destroyed Ran Wei and ascended the throne as emperor, with the year name Yuanxi. He set up a hundred officials, moved the capital to Yecheng, and made the country reach its peak, standing with the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the former Qin Dynasty. In the fourth year of Guangshou (360 years), Murong Jun died of illness at the age of forty-two, and was posthumously named Emperor Jingzhao, the temple name Liezu, and was buried in Longling.
3. The majestic demeanor of the Northern Wei Dynasty Liezu Tuoba Jue (later changed to the temple name Taizu).
Tuoba Jue was the founding emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the grandson of Emperor Zhaocheng Tuoba Shiyiqian, and the son of Emperor Xianming Tuoba Bao. In the first year of his ascension to the kingdom (386), the fifteen-year-old Tuoba Jue took advantage of the chaos to restore the dynasty and ascended the throne in Niuchuan. He implemented a series of changes internally, defeating the Helan tribe, Tiefu, Gaoche, Rouran and other grassland tribes externally, and competing with Hou Yan and Hou Qin for hegemony in the Central Plains. He defeated Murong Bao in the Battle of Shenhepi and defeated Yao Xing in the Battle of Chaibi.
In the first three years of the emperor (398), the country name was determined to be "Wei", and the national capital was moved from Shengle City to Pingcheng, and then the emperor was enthroned. In the fifteenth year of Taihe (491), Tuoba Jue was assassinated at the age of thirty-nine, and was posthumously named Emperor Xuanwu, and the temple name was Liezu. Later, the temple name was changed to Taizu.
Fourth, the political achievements and benevolence of Li Yu, the ancestor of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
Li Yu's original surname was Li, and his father Li Rong disappeared in the war, and later changed his name to Xu Zhihe with his adoptive father Xu Wen. He was a powerful minister of Southern Wu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and served as the assassin of Shengzhou and the training envoy of the Runzhou regiment, and later mastered the politics of the Southern Wu Dynasty and was crowned the king of Qi. In the third year of Tianzuo (937), Li Yu was proclaimed emperor, and the country was called Qi. In the third year of his ascension to the Yuan Dynasty (939), he changed the name of the country to Tang and became the founding monarch of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
During his reign, Li Yu was diligent in governing the country, reforming the old law, reconciling with Wu Yue, protecting the territory and the people, and resting with the people. In the seventh year of Shengyuan (943), Li Yu died in the Shengyuan Hall due to pill poisoning, and was posthumously named Emperor Guangwensu Wu Xiaogao, the temple number Liezu, and rested in Yongling.
In addition to the above four, there are also some Liezu who were posthumously crowned by descendants and did not actually serve as emperors. For example, after Wu Zetian established Wu Zhou, he posthumously crowned his great-grandfather Wu Jian as "Liezu". For example, in 907 AD, Zhu Wen called the emperor to establish the Later Liang, and his father Zhu Cheng was respected as the emperor, the temple name Liang Liezu, the name Wenmu Emperor, and he was buried in the Xianning Mausoleum. However, the status of these Martyrs naturally cannot be compared with the aforementioned ones.
Through the historical trajectories of these emperors with the temple name "Liezu", we can get a glimpse of their outstanding achievements and far-reaching influence in their respective eras, adding a strong stroke to Chinese history.
Emperor "Liezu" in the temple name: historical glory and leadership temperament.
This article delves into the history of several emperors whose temple names are "Liezu", presenting us with a magnificent historical picture. Although these emperors had the same temple name, their different historical backgrounds, personality traits and challenges made each emperor leave a unique mark on the stage of history.
First of all, the description of Wei Liezu Cao Rong emphasizes his political achievements during his reign, especially his leadership skills in successfully defending against Wu and Shu's repeated attacks and pacifying Xianbei. Cao Ei's temple name "Liezu" seems to reflect more of his bravery and decisiveness in war and governance, which earned him the nickname of Emperor Ming and left a far-reaching political impact.
Secondly, the historical description of Murong Jun, the former Yan Liezu, highlights his prosperous times. Under the rule of Murong Jun, the former Yan state was at its peak, standing with the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the former Qin Dynasty. The prosperity and stability of this period were inseparable from Murong Jun's wise leadership. His temple name, "Liezu", may also be a tribute to his wise leadership in maintaining the country's stability and development.
Then, the deeds of the Northern Wei Dynasty Liezu Tuoba Jue highlighted the majestic demeanor of a young emperor. Ascending to the throne at the age of fifteen, he demonstrated great military prowess and leadership by implementing reforms and defeating hostile forces on all sides. His temple name, "Liezu", seems to emphasize more of the bravery and courage he showed at a young age, earning him the nickname of Emperor Xuanwu.
Finally, the image of Li Yu, the ancestor of the Southern Tang Dynasty, shows a monarch full of benevolence in the article. During his reign, he was diligent in governance, reformed the old law, reconciled with Wu Yue, and protected the territory and the people. Li Yu's temple name "Liezu" may be a tribute to the benevolence and wisdom he showed in the governance of the country. His death left a glorious history for the Southern Tang Dynasty.
Overall, this article presents us with a colorful historical picture through an in-depth interpretation of each emperor with the temple number "Liezu". Each emperor has shown a unique leadership style in his time, and the temple name "Liezu" seems to be a concentrated embodiment of their respective qualities such as bravery, wisdom, and benevolence. Through the in-depth analysis of these historical figures, we can better understand the glory and inheritance of ancient Chinese history. Through the tracing of history, this article makes us more deeply realize that every emperor with the temple name "Liezu" has left an indelible mark on the development of Chinese civilization.
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