Comprehensive treatment of laboratory wastewater in colleges and universities
The comprehensive treatment of university laboratory wastewater requires multiple considerations to ensure that contaminants are effectively removed and discharge standards are met. Here are some common ways to deal with it:
1.Acid-alkali neutralization method: Acidic sewage and alkaline sewage are introduced into the neutralization tank together, and mixed and stirred in the pool. According to the principle of acid-base neutralization, the mixing ratio or flow rate of acid and alkali sewage is calculated, so that the sewage is neutral and weakly alkaline.
2.Dosing neutralization method: A neutralizing agent, such as lime, is added to the acidic sewage to neutralize the acid in the wastewater. If the effluent contains metal ions, the amount of calcium hydroxide consumed by the reaction with the metal ions should be considered.
3.Filtration neutralization method: It is suitable for treating hydrochloric acid sewage without other impurities, nitric acid sewage and sulfuric acid sewage with a concentration of no more than 2 3g l, etc., which generate various acidic wastes that generate soluble salts.
4.Adjust the pH value: Adjust the acid-base concentration of the wastewater by adding the acid-alkali solution to reduce the corrosiveness of the wastewater.
5.Flocculation and precipitation: For smaller colloids and heavy metal ions, flocculants can be added to destabilize and repolymerize these substances into precipitated flocs.
6.Aeration oxidation: It is very effective for the killing of organic substances, which can make organic compounds oxidized to an inorganic state and reduce organic pollution.
7.Ozone sterilization: the use of chlorine-containing solution can also have a good sterilization effect, ozone and chlorine-containing solution can cause great damage to organic microorganisms, bacteria and viruses in wastewater.
8.Ultraviolet disinfection: ozone and chlorine-containing solution sterilization and disinfection of the broad spectrum is not as good as ultraviolet disinfection, in general, ultraviolet disinfection can be used after the sterilization of ozone and chlorine-containing solution to enhance the sterilization effect, to ensure that the killing rate of microorganisms and germs in wastewater can reach 9999%。
9.Activated carbon filtration: Activated carbon can ensure that the ozone and available chlorine residues in the wastewater are adsorbed after being disinfected with ozone or chlorine-containing solutions.
In the treatment process, it is also necessary to pay attention to the separate collection and treatment of laboratory wastewater to avoid more complex chemical reactions after mixing different types of wastewater. At the same time, the treatment equipment needs to be regularly maintained and inspected to ensure its normal operation and treatment effect.