According to the latest data from the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the top two infections are influenza and new crown, and they mainly affect the young and elderly. In the winter when multiple pathogens are superimposed, "one old and one young" is the most noteworthy key population.
According to experts, when a child has a fever or fever accompanied by cough symptoms, parents should first treat them differently according to their age.
Qin Qiang, Chief Physician of the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital: To sum it simply, if a baby within three months has a fever, whether it has respiratory symptoms or not, it is recommended to seek medical attention as much as possible. If older children, in addition to fever and cough, are not seriously affected, they can also eat and drink normally, play normally, in this case, certain symptomatic treatment measures can be adopted, observed for 2 to 3 days, if there is no improvement or aggravation, you can choose to seek medical attention.
As the disease progresses, the infection may progress from the upper respiratory tract to the lower respiratory tract, and the symptoms of cough and fever will worsen and last for a relatively long time. If the child has pneumonia, there will be obvious dyspnea, rapid breathing, etc., and parents should be vigilant at this time.
Different drugs should be used depending on the pathogen and site of infection. For example, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is not a virus and antiviral drugs are not appropriate**. Blind use of anti-infective drugs may lead to delays** or induce resistance in pathogenic microorganisms due to the wrong choice of drugs.
Fever is a process of the body's immunity. When a foreign pathogen invades the body, the body fights off the pathogen by heating up its immune function. In the early stages of infection, fever is good for fighting pathogens, and after the body clears the pathogens, the body temperature naturally returns to normal. General 385 or less, antipyretic treatment is not recommended. If it is more than 385. At the same time, the child has some uncomfortable symptoms, including crying, lack of appetite, etc., you can give some antipyretic medicine to help reduce fever. If the fever subsides and the child is still in poor spirits, he needs to see a doctor.
The total amount of nebulizer hormones is very low and does not have to be too repulsive.
When there is phlegm in the airways that cannot be coughed up smoothly, doctors often recommend nebulized inhalation**. Because nebulizers contain hormones, some parents are more taboo.
According to experts, the total amount of nebulized hormones is very low, and it is absorbed through the mucous membrane, so parents do not have to worry. Nebulized inhalation** has the advantages of rapid onset, less dosage, less medication, suitable for all ages, etc., and parents can also nebulize their children at home according to doctor's instructions**.
Qin Qiang, Chief Physician of the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital: In terms of drug use, try not to overuse antitussive drugs, because the cough is suppressed, and some sputum may not be easy to cough out.
After the nebulization of hormone drugs, special attention should be paid to rinsing the mouth with water or drinking an appropriate amount of water, and for small children who cannot rinse their mouths, they can use cotton swabs or cotton balls to soak in cool and white open to wipe the mouth, or carry out oral care. Children with more respiratory secretions can pat the child's back within 1 to 2 hours after nebulization** to promote the discharge of secretions.
If the condition is not serious, you can consider primary hospitals or online diagnosis and treatment.
In addition, experts also said that the epidemic of multiple diseases increases the risk of cross-infection in environmental occlusion and ** dense places, due to the current large number of visits, if the child has just developed symptoms, it is not recommended to go to a tertiary hospital immediately, you can first go to a community hospital with pediatric qualifications, or a second ** hospital for initial diagnosis.
If the condition is not serious, but there are symptoms such as fever and cough, and the necessary blood routine and other related examinations have been completed in the nearest hospital, parents can also choose online diagnosis and treatment.
Falls are the primary manifestation of respiratory tract infections in many elderly people.
Respiratory infections in older people have distinct features that distinguish them from other populations, and the precautions are different.
According to experts, the prominent clinical characteristics of respiratory tract infection in the elderly are atypical symptoms of fever and cough, and many elderly people take falls as the primary manifestation of infection, because respiratory tract infection will further reduce the stability of the elderly, and there may also be manifestations of the digestive tract or central nervous system, such as drowsiness, etc., so in daily care, it is necessary to closely monitor the changes in the situation and detect it early.
The elderly** includes many aspects. The first is anti-infective**, which is given according to the possible pathogen or the identified pathogen**, and the dose should be adjusted according to liver and kidney function, taking into account the interaction with the drug for the underlying disease in the elderly. The elderly are prone to exacerbation of underlying diseases during infection, so it is necessary to pay attention to the care and monitoring of underlying diseases.
In the case of advanced age and severe respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, active tumors, etc., once infected with respiratory diseases, such patients often develop rapidly and are prone to severe disease. It is very important that the elderly themselves or their families know the basic conditions, including body temperature, blood pressure, pulse, oxygen saturation, etc., and only when they understand can they know the degree of change.
For influenza, anti-influenza virus drugs are best within 48 hours, and if they exceed 48 hours, the effect of medication will be reduced.