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Compared with healthy people, the abundance of verrucous microbacteria, Ackermansia spp., Paraptera spp., and lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal tract of patients with chronic kidney disease were reduced, and the iv abundances of Actinomycetes, Pseudoprevosis spp., and Clostridium spp. were significantly increased, and the results suggested that the combined detection of Ackermania spp. and lactic acid bacteria had a high diagnostic value for chronic kidney disease.
LUN et al. found that there were 31 bacterial species with significant changes in patients with chronic kidney disease, which could be used as microbial markers to distinguish chronic kidney disease from healthy people, especially Therospira trichospira and Ruminococcus.
Jiang et al. found that the abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria in patients with chronic kidney disease was lower than that in the healthy group, and there was a gradual decreasing trend from CKD stage 1 to stage 5, and the depletion of these two bacteria may lead to CKD-related inflammation and promote the progression of CKD, which may become "microbial markers" of CKD.
A cohort study of 39 patients with chronic kidney disease and 40 healthy individuals showed that the abundance of proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, proteobacteriaceae and Bacillus in patients with stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the diversity of microbiota and other indices was lower, suggesting that CKD has a unique microbiota structure.
Other scholars found that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were enriched in Klebsiella and Enterobacteriaceae, while the abundance of Eubacterium and Roche spp. was decreased, and Cyclospira and Ackermansia increased with the progression of CKD.