Grape pruning techniques 4 ways 3 points 5 methods explained in detail
Introduction. Grape is a commonly used tree species for fruit tree cultivation in China, which has good cultivation effect and good market demand. To achieve a high yield, the grapes must be shaped and pruned. This article is all about some tips for grape pruning, which includes various shaping methods, pruning points and specific pruning methods.
Forming the model. The multi-main vine shaping method is a method used one year after planting, that is, when the new shoots reach 5 to 6 leaves. By picking the crown, select 3 or 4 robust main main stem strips to maintain a good tree shape. Dry shaping is the year of planting, after the germination of new shoots, leaving only one new shoot and cultivating it vertically. This method is suitable in cases where the trunk of the vine is required to be vertical.
The fan-shaped branch is a more common type of grape vine and is widely used in the cultivation of northern and southern China. Sector wood has the following characteristics: the main stem is short or not long, the number of main stems is large, and there are uniform fruit branches on the main vine. It can be well used in different fertility, different soil quality, and different cultivation environments. For grape varieties that are not strong and for low-stretch planting, a one-sided, two-sided approach is recommended. This type of tree is a single trunk with two transversely parallel main stem lines.
Pruning points. In fact, pruning is also a technical and experienced work. In actual production, the characteristics of grapes and the "three-stage pruning" method should be fully understood. According to its flowering parts, it can be divided into long-branched, medium-branched and short-branched types. In the supplementary extension section, the characteristics of each type and the corresponding pruning methods are elaborated. Having an understanding of where various flowers bloom helps us to take a more scientific approach to get the best results.
Pruning. 1. Wipe the buds.
This can be done when the tip of the shoot has grown to 2 3 cm. Remove the ineffective latent buds growing on weak branches, branch buds and old branches. In the case of twin or triple flowers, only one trunk remains. If the load-bearing capacity is insufficient, the twin branches with one spike on the mother branch should be retained in a location where there is sufficient space.
2. The tail tip is fixed.
The pruning operation is carried out when the new shoots are 10-20 cm old and the flower buds are first emerging. For varieties with low seed setting rate, large fruit spikes and strong growth, a certain number of fruit branches should be maintained. If the tree is too vigorous or too weak, appropriate branches should be reserved for development on the basis of maintaining all the fruit branches.
3. Topping. For fruity flower spikes, it is common to keep 6 to 7 leaves before hearting. It can increase the fruit setting rate and promote fruit expansion. For flowers that are easy to fall off, topping can be carried out 3 to 5 days before the flowers fall. The results showed that the fruit with a high seed setting rate could be topped after flowering.
4. Cut off the secondary tail.
After the new shoots are pumped, the side branches germinate faster, and appropriate measures should be taken to avoid excessive nutrient loss. There are no secondary branches in the lower part of each panicle, and only 1 2 secondary branches are left at the top, and the others are cut off. In order to maintain normal growth and development, the remaining secondary branches should be removed regularly.
In addition to taking reasonable cultivation measures, it is also necessary to take appropriate shaping, pruning and other measures. Shaping and pruning grapes is an effective way to adjust the shape of the tree, improve the quality and increase the yield. When shaping grapes, it is necessary to see whether the flower buds are plump, and usually choose thick, firm flower buds, without leaving bulging buds, deflated buds, diseased buds, etc.
The harvest should be counted before pruning. Appropriate shaping should be carried out according to its flowering parts: 2 3 buds on the spike of long branches, 2 or 3 buds of medium branches should be clinging to the spike, and the ears of short branches should be pruned. Use scissors to cut the buds 2-3 cm away from the buds, do not do inclined pruning.
The conclusion is that proper shaping and pruning can effectively inhibit its growth and development, and make its branches, leaves, fruits, fruits and other traits optimal. It is necessary to choose the appropriate pruning method according to the variety, the growth and growth of the plant, and at the same time to master the time and method of pruning.