Since Luo Wei extends in Yi Wei, there is no solid residence in Yang, and it has a summer residence. I look too far south at Santu, I look at too much from the north, and I wish to look at the river, just like looking at Yiluo, without far heaven. —Historical Records
A few years ago, domestic experts carried out the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties project, according to the "Shangshu" about the strange celestial phenomenon of the battle of Mingtiao at the end of the summer, it is speculated that the Xia Dynasty was established in 2070 BC and founded by Dayu. However, foreign experts have questioned this, arguing that the Shangshu account is not necessarily reliable, and there is controversy about whether the celestial event was a total solar eclipse.
But with the re-excavation of the Sanxingdui site, experts cited three major evidences of the existence of the Xia Dynasty, leaving foreign experts speechless. The first evidence comes from an oracle bone inscription, and the second is a bronze tripod in the ** soil of the Yanshi Erlitou cultural site in Henan, in addition, there are some ancient books such as "The Year of the Bamboo Secretary" and so on. Are these evidences sufficient to prove the real existence of the Xia Dynasty?Let's take our time.
In 1959, archaeologist Xu Xusheng first discovered a bronze tripod at the Yanshi Erlitou Cultural Site in Henan. Although no writing was found in the ding, experts found a golden symbol similar to the character "姒" in the oracle bone inscription. According to the records of the Hanshu and the Chronicles of the Law, the tribe of the Yellow Emperor's grandson Zhuan had long intermarried with the Gonggong clan under the command of Emperor Yan. And the royal family members of the Xia Dynasty are the descendants of this group of people, surnamed Him.
In other words, this bronze tripod may prove the true existence of the Xia Dynasty!In addition to this, Oracle also provided evidence. It is said that there are 4,500 characters on the oracle bone inscription found in Yinxu, but only more than 2,000 can be distinguished. However, even if even foreign experts admit that the oracle bone script is a relatively mature script, this also means that there should have been some more primitive and rudimentary scripts in the land of China before Yinxu.
Strangely, in the Dawenkou site, Longshan site and Liangzhu site, we only found some pottery inscriptions or inscriptions, but no text. Experts speculate that China may have gone through a period before the Yin Shang and after the Liangzhu culture, the Xia Dynasty, which was a critical moment in the maturation of oracle bone inscriptions. Obviously, the 470-year history of the Xia Dynasty was enough time for the engravings in the Liangzhu culture to evolve into full-fledged oracle bone inscriptions.
The last piece of evidence comes from ancient books. As we all know, the Chinese civilization is the only one of the four civilizations that has not been interrupted. As a result, we are now able to find a relatively complete and systematic historical record of the Xia Dynasty. From the Shangshu and Chinese to the Spring and Autumn Period, the Bamboo Book Chronicle, etc., and even Sima Qian's Shiji, the 17 queens of the Xia Dynasty are recorded (note that the supreme ruler was called Hou, not Wang).
In 1928, the oracle bone inscription unearthed in Yinxu recorded the complete lineage of the kings of the Shang Dynasty, which is basically consistent with the record of the "Historical Records". Therefore, we have reason to believe that in Sima Qian's time, he may have seen some historical materials left over from the Xia and Shang dynasties, and recorded the imperial genealogies of the Xia and Shang dynasties. Although due to the age and natural and man-made disasters, those historical materials that have been examined countless times by Sima Qian are no longer available to people today. However, not being able to see it does not mean that it does not exist, and it does not mean that it can be doubted.
Conclusion: Three major evidences of the existence of the Xia Dynasty highlight the glorious history of Chinese civilization!
This article profoundly dissects the controversy that existed in the Xia Dynasty, and aims to reveal the authenticity of the Xia Dynasty through a detailed discussion of the three major evidences. From the discovery of the bronze tripod to the archaeological interpretation of the oracle bone inscriptions, to the records in the ancient books, the author provides readers with a depth of authenticity about the Xia Dynasty through a coherent narrative.
First of all, the article cleverly quotes classic texts from the "Records of the Historians", which sets the historical tone for the whole article. This not only adds to the literary flavor of the article, but also provides readers with a background understanding of the history of the Xia Dynasty. Then, through the introduction of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the author points out the views of domestic experts and the doubts of foreign experts about the existence of the Xia Dynasty, forming a controversial and thought-provoking tone of the article.
Secondly, through a detailed interpretation of the three major evidences, the author discusses the possibility of the existence of the Xia Dynasty from the perspective of facts and archaeology. The similarity between the golden inscription symbols found in the bronze tripod and the character "姒" in the oracle bone inscription, as well as the maturity of the oracle bone inscription and the lack of culture before the Yin Ruins, provide substantial support for the existence of the Xia Dynasty. The logical structure of the article is clear and progressive, and the reader can understand the possibility of the existence of the Xia Dynasty step by step in the process of reading.
Then, for the historical records of the Xia and Shang dynasties, the article shows the continuity of the history of the Xia Dynasty by quoting many ancient books such as "Shangshu", "Chinese", and "Spring and Autumn". In particular, Sima Qian's "Historical Records", by recording the 17 names of the Xia Dynasty, provides the coherence of historical records for the existence of the Xia Dynasty. By comparing it with the oracle bone inscription unearthed in Yinxu in 1928, it provides more direct evidence for the authenticity of the history of the Xia and Shang periods.
Finally, through the skillful use of the technique of contrasting ancient and modern, the article draws the conclusion of the existence of the Xia Dynasty. Three major evidences for the existence of the Xia Dynasty are emphasized, showing that this is not just a legend, but a historical fact with substantial support. The whole article is logical, well-structured, and well-concluded. Through the multi-dimensional research of the existence of the Xia Dynasty, readers have a deeper understanding of the historical authenticity of the Xia Dynasty.
On the whole, this review fully affirms the article's in-depth research and detailed discussion on the existence of the Xia Dynasty. Through the interpretation of the three major evidences, it provides strong support for the existence of the Xia Dynasty and triggers readers' deep thinking about the historical truth. On the whole, this is an informative, logical, and engaging commentary.
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