Photocatalytic catalysts are usually materials that absorb light energy and produce active species (usually free radicals). Among them, one of the most commonly used catalysts is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is a widely used photocatalyst.
Titanium dioxide has good photocatalytic properties, it absorbs light energy in the ultraviolet range (usually in ultraviolet light with a wavelength of less than 380 nm) and excites electrons to produce electron-hole pairs. These electron-hole pairs can participate in photocatalytic reactions to produce reactive free radicals with oxidative or reducing ability, thereby promoting organic material degradation, redox and other reactions.
In addition to titanium dioxide, there are a number of other photocatalyst materials, including but not limited to:
Zinc dioxide (Zinc oxide, ZNO).
Bismuth oxide (Bismuth oxide, Bi2O3).
Iron oxides (e.g., Fe2O3).
Sulfides (e.g. silver sulfide, cadmium sulfide, etc.).
Synthetic organocatalysts (e.g., dye molecules in dye-sensitized solar cells).
These catalyst materials have different light absorption characteristics and catalytic activity, and the right material can be selected according to the requirements of the specific application. There are many types of catalysts for photocatalysis, but titanium dioxide is one of the most widely used photocatalytic materials, especially in wastewater treatment and air purification.
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