The rapid development of human science and technology has brought about earth-shaking changes. In the past, people were still obsessed with traditional equipment such as airplanes and artillery, but now some countries are preparing to build in space**. However, there are not many countries that can have these high-tech products, and only those countries with highly developed industrial technology can take the lead in mastering advanced manufacturing technologies.
And behind these cutting-edge **, there is a key component, and that is the chip. Although Russian crystal oscillators are capable of partially replacing the functions of chips, there is currently no product in the world that can completely replace the functions of chips. The vast majority of countries rely on chips for their missiles, aircraft, and other equipment to maximize their capabilities.
In this field, China has been restricted by the United States on chip imports, which has brought a lot of blows to China's semiconductor-related enterprises. However, this is not the case, and China does not lack chip technology. In fact, when it comes to chip design, China's level of scientific research even surpasses that of the United States. The reason why China can't make advanced chips on its own is actually because we can't produce high-end lithography machines.
At present, it is generally believed that the manufacture of lithography machines is even more difficult than that of atomic bombs, because only two countries, the Netherlands and Japan, currently have the core technology of lithography machines. Why are lithography machines so difficult to manufacture?There are several difficulties facing China. First of all, there is the issue of parts, and although Japan and the Netherlands have the core technology of lithography machines, they are unable to meet the needs of lithography machines.
Take the Netherlands, for example, which has made progress with its brains in the manufacture of high-end lithography machines, but still relies on the largest industrial powerhouses such as the United States and Germany. Despite claiming to have mastered core technology, in reality the Netherlands is still limited by other countries in terms of materials. Therefore, for a modern country, it is almost an impossible task to build a high-end lithography machine with the power of a single country. The second is the issue of accuracy.
The most advanced lithography machine in the Netherlands can be reduced to 5 nanometers. This statement may not be graphic enough, but we can illustrate it with an example. The diameter of a hair is about 60,000 nanometers, while high-end lithography machines in the Netherlands can cut more than 12,000 knives into a single hair. In contrast, China's current lithography machine can only guarantee an accuracy of about 28 nanometers, and the accuracy error is almost six times that of the Netherlands.
If you want to improve the accuracy, you need a lot of calculations and find a way to follow up with the technology. However, this is almost impossible to accomplish. China is currently one of the countries with the largest demand for chips in the world, and it is precisely because of this that the United States' chip restrictions on China will give China a headache. If it does not want to be controlled by others, China must break through the technical barriers of high-end lithography machines.
However, this path of exploration and research and development is very difficult, and all we can do is to maintain faith in our motherland.