In ancient times, "clans" were often based on blood relations, and the real concept of nationality is a product of modern times. In the last years of the Qing Dynasty, in order to build a "nationalist China", intellectuals revered Yue Fei as a national hero. However, as the country developed, some scholars questioned whether Yue Fei should be regarded as a national hero, arguing that his greatest achievement was the fight against the Jin, and that the Jin State was the ancestor of the Manchu people, who now belong to the Chinese nation.
In ancient history textbooks, the struggle between the Song and Jin dynasties made Yue Fei a well-deserved national hero. However, some scholars began to re-evaluate Yue Fei's achievements, questioning the reliability of the History of the Song Dynasty, arguing that Yue Fei's grandson had fabricated history and exaggerated his exploits. Some historians even advocated abolishing Yue Fei's title of national hero, believing that Yue Fei was only a "hero of the Song Dynasty".
These scholars put forward a new theory that argued that Yue Fei's death was not due to resistance to the Jin, but because his "Yue army" threatened the rule of the Song dynasty. They pointed out that Yue Fei had killed Fu Qing, believing that it was because Fu Qing wanted to break away from the "Yue family's army". At that time, there were four "family armies", which were huge and threatened the Song Dynasty, so Song Gaozong decided to disband these "family armies".
Scholars put forward another set of theories, arguing that after Yue Fei was killed, the "Yue Family Army" was disbanded, and the generals did not unite, but accepted the status quo. They believed that the military discipline of the "Yuejia Army" was too strict, and the generals felt relaxed after the disbandment. These scholars denied Yue Fei's merits and called for his title of national hero to be abolished, arguing that he was only a "hero of the Song Dynasty."
However, in my opinion, a national hero should be a heroic figure who defends a nation against foreign invaders. In the early days of the establishment of the Jin State, the ruler of the Jin State, Aguta, rebelled against the Liao State and can be regarded as a national hero. However, after the Jin State became stronger and stronger, it invaded the Song Dynasty and slaughtered the people of the Central Plains. Yue Fei became a national hero who resisted the invaders, and his exploits should not be completely denied.
When these scholars discuss whether Yue Fei is a national hero, they may ignore the issue of national struggle and national integration as the development process of ancient Chinese history. Today's nation should not be changed by integration, we need to look at history from multiple perspectives and understand the historical environment of different eras.
In history, Yue Fei's position may be disputed by personal opinions, but in any case, his contribution to defending against foreign aggression is undeniable. Whether he is a "hero of the Song Dynasty" or a "national hero" may only be a difference of opinion, but Yue Fei's historical status will continue to be debated among historians and the public.
Yue Fei has been a controversial figure in Chinese history, and his status has been both praised and questioned. The reassessment of Yue Fei by some of the historians mentioned above, and the debate over whether he should be regarded as a national hero, has led me to think deeply.
First of all, there is the controversy over whether Yue Fei is a national hero. From my personal point of view, a national hero should be a person who fights bravely to defend his country and nation. During the historical period of the Jin invasion of the Song Dynasty, Yue Fei was indeed a general who bravely resisted the enemy in order to defend the Central Plains. The Jin army's aggression was not only an attack on the Han Chinese, but also a threat to all the people living in this land. Yue Fei's exploits played a positive role in this period, and he became a hero in the hearts of the people and made great contributions to the defense of the country and the nation.
However, the article mentions that some scholars have questioned Yue Fei's achievements, arguing that his grandson fabricated history and that Yue Fei did not create some of the achievements that have been celebrated. This kind of historical reinterpretation does make people have some doubts about Yue Fei's image. History is inherently a pluralistic and complex system, and different historians may have different views and interpretations. But we need to be cautious about such interpretations to ensure that a person's entire historical contribution is not negated by a new perspective. Yue Fei did have a series of anti-gold achievements in history, and whether these have been over-exaggerated is worthy of further in-depth study.
On the other hand, the controversy over whether the "Yue Family Army" led by Yue Fei threatened the rule of the Song Dynasty is also interesting. Some scholars believe that Yue Fei's death was not due to his insistence on resisting the Jin, but because the "Yue Army" threatened the rule of the Song Dynasty. This view provides a more in-depth interpretation of historical events and attempts to understand Yue Fei's fate from a political perspective. However, we also need to take into account the background and political pattern of the historical period, so as not to oversimplify historical events and negate Yue Fei's true contribution in resisting foreign aggression.
Finally, I think Yue Fei's historical status is a complex and multi-layered issue. Different historians have different opinions, and the public's perception of historical figures is also influenced by the times and cultures. It is important that when we discuss historical figures, we take full account of the plurality of history and avoid taking historical events too subjectively. Yue Fei is an outstanding general in Chinese history, and his life has experienced ups and downs, and his evaluation should be carried out on a more comprehensive and in-depth basis. Historians are constantly innovating their research, and we should also be open-minded in order to better understand and respect history.
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