In 208 AD, Liu Biao was terminally ill, and Cao Cao heard the wind and wanted to capture Jingzhou. However, before Cao Cao arrived, Liu Biao was dead, and his successor, Liu Cong, surrendered on his knees in the face of Cao's army. Cao Cao saw that Jingzhou was easy to take, and wanted to invade Eastern Wu in the south. In 213 A.D., Cao Cao arrived at the mouth of the water, Sun Quan was indomitable, but Cao Cao exclaimed: "Giving birth to a son should be like Sun Zhongmou, and the son of Liu Jingsheng is like a dolphin dog ear!."Behind this praise is the contrast between Sun Quan and Liu Cong.
In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Zhuge Liang said that the Sun family had been in Jiangdong for a long time, and suggested that Liu Bei make friends instead of attacking. However, history is not so simple. Before the rise of Jiangdong, Sun Jian was just an ordinary family, and the class composition was not conducive to its development. In the turbulent years, the Lao Sun family still needed to rely on the Zhou family to help seize Jiangdong.
After the Battle of Chibi, Sun Quan faced three problems: dealing with Liu Han, fighting with the Jiangdong clan, and dealing with his young nephews and ministers. Under the threat of Cao Cao, Sun Quan united with the Jiangdong clan, but the internal contradictions remained unresolved. Cao Cao's troops were in the city, Sun Quan failed to unify his internal voice, and he was hesitant to allocate reinforcements. Although the Battle of Chibi was won, it exposed Sun Quan's failure to fully control Jiangdong.
After Sun Ce's death, Sun Quan was faced with dealing with relations with Liu Han, clan struggles, and Sun Ce's succession. However, the Jiangdong clan was not completely submissive, and Sun Quan's frequent marriages showed that he was unable to fully consolidate Jiangdong. When Cao Cao threatened Jiangdong, Sun Quan's lack of control led to later internal problems and troubles for the heir.
The root of Sun Quan's failure to solve the Jiangdong problem lies in identity. Although it is not explicitly stated in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", identity is the source of many problems. Yuan Shao lured the wolf into the house, Dong Zhuo was brutal, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were loyal to Liu Bei, and Cao Cao worked hard to prove himself, all of which were closely related to identity. Sun Quan has not been able to completely solve the Jiangdong problem, and the constraints of his identity have become the root cause of his limited leadership ability.
Jiang Dongfeng Yun: Sun Quan's power and identity troubles.
Jiang Dongyun: Sun Quan's Rise to Power and the Troubled Circumstances of His Identity" profoundly describes the dilemma Sun Quan faced when he was in power in Jiangdong, as well as the constraints of his identity on his leadership ability. This fascinating essay outlines the vicissitudes of that troubled period through historical details.
First of all, the article became famous with Cao Cao's words, revealing Sun Quan's disadvantages in front of Liu Cong. Although Cao Cao's praise was ostensibly a compliment to Sun Quan, in essence, it emphasized Sun Quan's obedience and Liu Cong's cowardice through a comparison with Liu Cong. These bits and pieces of historical detail outline the subtle contest between power schemes, so that readers can more deeply understand the fierce struggle of power and plots at that time.
Secondly, the article takes the Battle of Chibi as a turning point, and focuses on Sun Quan's coping strategies in the domestic and foreign difficulties. Under the threat of Cao Cao's 800,000-strong army, Sun Quan was hesitant to deal with the relationship with the Great Clan, and internal rifts were exposed. This shows that Sun Quan was unable to fully grasp Jiangdong, and although the victory at the Battle of Chibi gave him some gains externally, the fundamental nature of the internal problems was not resolved. The historical depiction of this period gives the reader a clearer understanding of the limitations of Sun Quan's leadership abilities.
The article also focuses on the influence of identity on historical figures, which is a profound historical reflection. Identity is not just a label of an individual, but also a mark of the times. The behaviors and decisions of historical figures such as Yuan Shao, Dong Zhuo, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, and Cao Cao are closely related to their identity backgrounds, which echoes the core idea of the article: identity issues are the deep-seated causes of various problems.
Finally, the article highlights the uniqueness of the issue of Sun Quan's identity with a brilliant title that highlights the theme. This technique of headlining arouses the reader's interest, makes the reader more interested in Sun Quan's story, and also reflects the narrative style of the text.
Overall, this essay successfully outlines Sun Quan's political landscape and leadership dilemma in Jiangdong through the grasp of details and the speculation of the psychology of historical figures on the basis of in-depth historical research. At the same time, the deep thinking on the issue of identity provides readers with a more comprehensive and three-dimensional perspective of historical observation.
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