1. What is pure water treatment?
Pure water refers to the general urban tap water as the water source, after multi-layer filtration, can remove microorganisms, various pests and diseases and other harmful substances, but can also remove fluorine, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other minerals required by the human body.
Purified water treatment system: Moreover, the traditional tap water production method not only cannot remove the organic matter in the water, but if chlorine is added to the tap water production, it will also produce new and stronger organic pollutants, such as chloroform. The mutagenicity of tap water is stronger than that of natural water, and the tap water needs to go through a long time of water pipeline system after leaving the factory, especially on the top tank of high-rise residential buildings, among which the "secondary pollution" is more serious. This kind of water, of course, cannot be drunk raw, and even if it is boiled, it can only sterilize and cannot remove harmful chemicals. Then, drinking pure water can not only eliminate harm to your health, but also help you live a long and healthy life. Because the more authentic the water, the more effective it is as a carrier. The stronger the solubility of various metabolites in the body, the easier it is to be absorbed, which is conducive to saliva secretion, thirst quenching and fatigue relief.
Therefore, in order to maintain health, improve people's physical fitness, develop pure water, and produce high-quality drinking water is to purify tap water for the second time, and further filter fluoride, bacteria and other harmful substances in tap water, so as to achieve the effect of sterilization and disinfection.
Two. Pure water treatment method.
1.Membrane microfiltration (MF) pure water treatment.
There are three main forms of membrane microfiltration methods: depth filtration, sieve filtration, and surface filtration.
The depth filtration membrane is based on braided fiber or filter press material, and the particles are retained by filter element or filter element, such as commonly used multi-media filtration or sand filtrationDepth filtration is a more economical method to remove more than 98% of suspended solids, while ensuring that the downstream part of the purification unit will not be blocked, so it is generally used as a pretreatment.
When the solution passes through the filter membrane, the particles with large pores in the filter membrane remain on the surface of the filter membrane, mainly accumulated on the surface of the filter membrane, such as commonly used PP fiber filtration. More than 999% of suspended solids can be removed by surface filtration and can therefore also be used for pretreatment or clarification.
Membrane microporous filtration is basically the same, like a sieve, leaving particles larger than the pore size on the surface (the membrane pore size is usually very accurate), such as the ultrapure water machine end-point safety filter;Sieve microfilters are typically placed at the point of final use of purification equipment to remove the last residues, carbon shavings, colloids, and microorganisms.
2.Activated carbon adsorption pure water treatment. The adsorption method uses the porosity of activated carbon to adsorb one or more harmful substances in water on the solid surface, so as to achieve the purpose of removal. It has a good effect on removing organic matter, colloids, microorganisms, residual chlorine, taste, etc. in water. Because activated carbon has a certain reducing effect, it also has a good removal effect on oxidants in water. Activated carbon filtration device: When the saturated adsorption capacity is reached, the adsorption performance of activated carbon will be greatly reduced, so it is necessary to pay attention to the analysis of the adsorption capacity of activated carbon, replace the activated carbon in time or disinfect and restore it through high-pressure steam, etc. However, the organic matter adsorbed on the surface of activated carbon is likely to be a nutrient and seedbed for bacterial reproduction, so the reproduction of microorganisms in the activated carbon filter should also be noted. To control bacterial reproduction, regular disinfection is essential.
3.Reverse osmosis (RO) pure water treatment. Reverse osmosis means that when a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure is applied on the side of the concentrated solution, the solvent in the concentrated solution will flow to the dilute solution, which is opposite to the direction of the original osmosis, which is called reverse osmosisThis process is used for liquid separation, purification, impurity removal and treatment of liquid substances.
The working principle of reverse permeability membrane: the film that has the ability to select the permeable substance is called a semi-permeable membrane, and generally only the film that penetrates the solvent that cannot penetrate the solute can be called an ideal semipermeable membrane. When the same volume of a diluted solution (e.g., fresh water) and a concentrated solution (e.g., saline) are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane, the solution in the diluted solution naturally passes through the semipermeable membrane and spontaneously flows to one side of the concentrated solution. This condition is called osmosis. When the permeability reaches equilibrium, the liquid level height of the concentrated solution side is higher than the liquid level of the dilute solution, that is, an osmotic pressure is formed, that is, a pressure difference is formed.
RO is a reverse migration movement during osmosis, which is a type of selective retention with the help of a semi-permeable membrane to separate solutes and solvents in solvents under pressure drive. It is widely used in the purification and concentration of various solutions, the most common of which is the removal of inorganic ions, bacteria, viruses, organics and colloids in the water treatment process by reverse osmosis technology. So as to obtain high-quality pure water.
4.Ion exchange (ix) pure water treatment.
Ionized water treatment equipment is a traditional water treatment method to replace various anion and cation ion exchange resins in water with anion exchange resins, and anion and cation exchange resins are formulated into ion exchange positive bed systems in different proportions. Ion negative bed system and ion exchange mixed bed (composite bed) system, mixed bed (composite bed) system is generally used in water treatment processes, such as reverse osmosis seepage, ultrapure water, high purity water terminal technology, is one of the methods to prepare ultrapure water irreplaceable high purity water. Its water resistance can be less than 1us cm, and the water resistance is 1mAbove cm, according to the different water quality and use requirements, the effluent resistance can be controlled at 1 18mcm. It is mainly used for the preparation of ultrapure water and high-purity water in the electronics industry, electric power ultrapure water, chemical industry, electroplating ultrapure water, boiler make-up water, pharmaceutical industry, and ultrapure water.
Salts contained in raw water such as Ca(HCO3)2MgSO4 and other calcium magnesium sodium salts, when flowing through the exchange resin layer, cationic Ca2+Mg2+ is replaced by positive resin, so that the anion HCO3-, SO42- and other anions are replaced by the active group of anion resin, so that the water can be ultra-purified. If the bicarbonate content in the raw water is too high, a degassing tower should be set up in the middle of the anion exchange column to remove carbon dioxide gas and relieve the load on the negative bed.
5.Ultraviolet (UV) ultrapure water treatment.
The main process of cell reproduction is: the long chain of DNA is opened, and each long adenine unit has to look for the union of the thymine unit, and each long chain is the same as the other long chain that has just been separated, restoring the original DNA before the first and becoming a new cell base. In addition, ultraviolet light with a wavelength between 240-280nm will disrupt DNA's ability to produce proteins and replicate, especially the 265nm wavelength of ultraviolet light is the most lethal to bacteria and viruses. Bacterial viral DNA, the ability to destroy RNA to produce proteins, and the ability to replicate have been lost. Due to bacteria. Viruses generally have a short life cycle and are unable to replicate bacteria. The virus dies very quickly. Ultraviolet light prevents microorganisms in tap water from surviving to the point of sterilization. Disinfection treatment effect.
6.Ultrafiltration (UF) pure water treatment.
Ultrafiltration membrane technology is a high-tech technology that is widely used to purify water, separate solutions, concentrate and extract useful substances from wastewater. This machine is simple to use, no heating is required, energy saving, low-pressure operation, and small footprint.
Ultrafiltration (UF) Pure Water Treatment Principle: Ultrafiltration is a pressure-driven membrane separation process with a filtration accuracy of 0005-0.01 In the m range, it can effectively remove particles, colloids, bacterial cushions and polymer organic matter in water. It has a wide range of applications and is used for the separation, concentration and purification of substances. Ultrafiltration phaseless and normal temperature operation is especially suitable for the separation of heat-sensitive substances, and has good temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and oxidation resistance. It can be used continuously for a long time below 60 degrees and at temperatures of 2-11.
7.EDI purifies the water.
The working principle of the ultrapure water treatment system EDI: Electrodeionization (EDI) The system is a scientific water treatment technology, mainly under the action of DC electric field, the water and electricity medium ions on the baffle move directionally, and purify the water quality by exchanging the membrane to the selection of ions.
Between a pair of electrodes in an electrodialysis device, a concentration chamber and a light chamber are usually arranged alternately by several units such as the negative membrane, the positive membrane, and the separator (A and B) (i.e., cations can pass through the positive membrane, and anions can pass through the negative membrane). In the light chamber water, the positive ions are transferred to the negative electrode through the positive membrane and intercepted by the negative membrane in the thick chamber. The cations in the water move along the cathode and are intercepted by the cation membrane in the thick chamber. Therefore, the number of ions in the light chamber water is getting smaller and smaller, and it becomes fresh water, while in the concentrated chamber water, due to the continuous influx of anions and cations in the concentrated chamber, the concentration of dielectric ions continues to rise and becomes concentrated water, so as to achieve the purpose of desalination, purification, concentration or purification.
8.Ozone disinfection ultrapure water treatment.
The disinfection principle of ozone (O3) is that ozone is unstable in molecular structure at room temperature and rapidly decomposes itself into oxygen (O2) and a single oxygen atom. (o)；The latter is highly active. These bacteria have a strong chemical effect. If they are killed, the excess oxygen atoms will combine themselves into ordinary oxygen atoms (O2) of non-toxic substances. For this reason, it is known as a non-polluting disinfectant and is not only highly effective against a variety of bacteria, including hepatitis virus, E. coli, green bacillus, and mold, but is also very effective at killing mycin.