This article**: The people**.
China has carried out in-depth soybean and oilseed production capacity improvement projects, and made joint efforts in production, storage, and marketing.
Domestic soybeans have jumped out of a new path of development (economic focus).
Reporter Yu Jingxian.
People** December 27, 2023 10th ed.).
* The Economic Work Conference proposed that we should not relax our efforts to ensure the stable and safe supply of grain and other important agricultural products. Soybeans are important plant proteins and oilseeds in the diet of Chinese residents**. In recent years, China's soybean area, yield and self-sufficiency rate have maintained a growth trend. Introduce support policies to promote the research of improved varieties;Extend the industrial chain and improve processing efficiency;Cultivate consumption habits and promote the ...... of production and marketing dockingAll aspects of production, storage, and marketing have made joint efforts to effectively promote the high-quality development of the domestic soybean industry.
Editor In the winter, when I walked into the cleaning workshop of Yongyuetun in Yongjin Village, Jiaxinzi Town, Baoqing County, Heilongjiang Province, golden round soybeans poured out of the machine. Lin Haifei, chairman of the Yixiang Soybean Planting Farmers Cooperative, grabbed a handful of beans and took a closer look, "The beans are well-proportioned and full, and the protein and oil rates are good, so I hope they can be sold at a good price." ”
Soybeans are important crops that can be used both as grain and oil. Last year, the national soybean and oilseed production capacity improvement project was launched, and the soybean area, output and self-sufficiency rate achieved "three growths" and made a good start. Judging from this year, the soybean area has increased steadily, and has remained stable at 1 for two consecutive yearsMore than 500 million acres.
Not long ago, at the first National Soybean Industry Expo held in Harbin, Tang Renjian, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that it is necessary to base on the whole industry chain system planning, short, medium and long-term combination of policies, focusing on building a demand-oriented technical system, an efficient and smooth production and marketing system, and a complete policy system.
Increase yields and promote variety research.
How is this year's harvest?"The yield per mu is nearly 500 catties, which stabilized the good momentum of last year. Lin Haifei said that in the past, the "thick wheat and thin beans" were emphasized, and in the past two years, the cooperatives have adopted large ridge dense planting technology to strengthen field management, and the agricultural technology department has organized a unified "one spray and multiple promotions" to effectively ensure the number of flowering pods and the formation of yields, so that reasonable and densely planted soybeans can also harvest good yields.
This year's No. 1 document emphasizes "afterburner expansion of soybean oil". Since the beginning of the year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has focused on 100 major soybean producing counties, focusing on increasing density and falling technology, implementing large-scale yield improvement actions, focusing on the integrated assembly of good land, good seeds, good methods, good opportunities and good systems, and promoting key technologies such as dense planting of large ridges, shallow burial drip irrigation, and rhizobia inoculation, and the average planting density per mu of the main producing counties has increased by 800-1000 plants. Experts estimate that this year's yield increase in 100 major soybean producing counties will contribute more than 70% to the increase in yield.
To boost the soybean industry, it is necessary to polish the "chips" of the seed industry. "The oil yield of soybeans is directly related to the processing efficiency of enterprises. An Kefeng, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Jiusan Grain and Oil Industry Group, said that accelerating the cultivation and promotion of new soybean varieties with high oil and high yield according to local conditions is conducive to enhancing the international competitiveness of domestic soybeans in the field of crushing from the source.
In China, the breeding of high-oil and high-yield varieties is making a solid start. A number of new breeding materials have been created to increase yield and oil, and 10 new soybean varieties with oil content close to or more than 22% and protein content are also relatively balanced, and 22 new varieties have been approved by the provincial government. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has listed soybean varieties as a priority area for the revitalization of the seed industry, the key core technologies of agriculture, and the major projects of agricultural biological breeding.
Extend the chain and optimize the regional layout.
In Shandong Yuwang Group, more than a dozen soybean protein production lines are running at full capacity. "Heilongjiang is an important base of soybean raw materials for the group, and we have built processing plants in Kedong County and Bin County, which is convenient for local processing and saves transportation costs. Li Shunxiu, general manager of the group, said.
Processing is an important part of the development of the soybean industry. In recent years, more and more companies have actively extended the industrial chain and further processed soybean flour into leisure soy products such as hand-torn vegetarian meat strips, and the profit margin has increased significantly.
Data show that in 2022, China's soybean output will be 20.28 million tons, mainly used in three major fields: soybean products, soybean protein, and soybean oil. "Soybean protein has excellent processing characteristics such as emulsification and solubility, and has a broad application market. By processing, absorbing, converting, expanding and increasing the yield of soybeans, and playing the role of a reservoir, it is conducive to driving the benign and balanced development of the whole chain. Wang Fengzhong, director of the Institute of Agricultural Products Processing of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and a post scientist of the Processing Research Office of the National Soybean Industry Technology System, said.
How to further improve the efficiency of soybean processing?Wang Fengzhong said that from the upstream point of view, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of specialized planting, harvesting and storage, further excavate the quality characteristics of raw materials, and clarify the useFrom the perspective of the middle and lower reaches, the market development space of high-quality functional products is large, and it is necessary to promote the soybean industry chain and value chain to jump to the high-end. At present, the National Soybean Industry Technology System Processing Research Office is speeding up the formulation of industry standards for "Soybean Raw Materials for Protein Processing" and "Technical Regulations for Soybean Protein Isolate Processing" to promote the standardization, quality and large-scale development of soybean protein processing.
To revitalize the domestic soybean processing capacity, it is necessary to optimize the regional layout. At present, China's soybean production continues to concentrate in the dominant main producing areas, and 70% of the soybean crushing capacity is distributed in coastal port cities. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that in addition to making full use of the existing processing capacity in the main producing areas such as Northeast China and promoting local processing and digestion, it is also necessary to guide high-quality processing enterprises to deploy production capacity in the main producing areas with brands, technologies and market channels to build an efficient and smooth production and marketing system.
Upgrade the structure and promote the docking of production and marketing.
In the Meijing Farmers' Market in Luoshe Town, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, the "Ah Three Hundred Leaves" are paved, and as soon as the soft and flexible fresh shutters are ready, customers line up in a long line. "We use high-quality soybeans from Northeast China, using the traditional technique of salt brine pulp, which is welcomed by nearby residents. He Sannan, the person in charge of the store, said.
China has a deep food culture foundation in the field of soybean product consumption, and many well-known brands and time-honored products have gradually formed in various places. Liu Han, deputy director of the Department of Market and Information Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that in recent years, China's domestic soybean consumption has shown a steady growth trend, and all localities have accelerated the optimization of the supply structure guided by market demand, and promoted the upgrading of soybean quality and high prices and industrial upgrading.
Soybeans are planted and sold well, and consumption is the key. The increasingly diversified soybean products have witnessed the upgrading of the food consumption structure. Zheng Haijun, sales manager of Jinji Food, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, introduced that the company has established a 250,000 mu soybean cooperation base in Wudalianchi City, Heilongjiang Province and other places.
In recent years, soybean consumption has maintained an average annual growth rate of about 5%. Tang Qijun, executive chairman of the China Soybean Industry Association, said that the soybean products market is expected to grow steadily, especially in the field of high-quality soybean products with plant protein as the selling point, which is expected to drive the steady growth of total consumption of soy products.
Open up production and sales, so that soybean farmers do not worry about selling. "The cooperative has driven the development of 7,300 acres of soybean and corn strip compound planting around the area, and according to 26—2.The order price of 9 yuan is unified for the output of soybeans. Liu Bao, chairman of Qisheng Grain Planting Professional Cooperative in Dong'e County, Shandong Province, introduced that the cooperative took advantage of the location advantage of Dong'e County Freezing Point Yuncang Agricultural Products Wholesale Trading Center to establish a full-category distribution warehouse station for soybean products, and directly supply fresh soybean milk, tofu brain, tofu skin and other products to households.
Only when peasants can earn money from farming can the country be food secure. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that the policy of improving the whole soybean industry chain is currently being studied, and policy tools such as subsidies, insurance, credit, and reserve adjustment are being comprehensively used, and multiple measures are taken to smooth supply and marketing, stabilize expectations, and continue to mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for planting beans.