Suggestions on strengthening the fire prevention and management of electric vehicles in residential areas
1. Background. In recent years, electric bicycles have become one of the important means of transportation for urban and rural residents, and electric bicycles, scooters for the elderly, electric vehicles for the disabled and other electric vehicles have increased year by year. According to data from the China Bicycle Association, the social ownership of electric two-wheelers in China will reach 3 in 2022500 million vehicles, which is equivalent to every 4 Chinese people owning a two-wheeled electric vehicle. There are about 160,000 permanent residents in Chaohai Street, and according to this theory, the number of two-wheeled electric vehicles is about 40,000. At the same time, with the increasing number of electric bicycle users, while bringing convenience to people's lives, problems such as difficulty in charging and parking electric bicycles in residential areas are becoming increasingly prominent. In particular, in some old communities, the supporting charging facilities are insufficient or missing;Electric bicycles occupy the corridor, and residents pull the wires to charge them privatelyElectric bicycles are parked randomly in the stairwell, and charging cables are scattered at willSome high-rise residents go from pulling "flying wires" from windows to charging downstairs and so on. Problems such as private connection in old communities and random parking in new communities have increasingly become potential major safety hazards in communities.
Statistics from relevant departments show that in the first half of 2022, there were more than 8,370 fires caused by electric bicycles, an increase of 31 year-on-year3%, which poses a serious threat to the safety of people's lives and property. According to incomplete statistics, 90% of the cases of electric vehicle fires occur in places such as foyers, aisles and stairwells. More than half of all EV fires occur during charging at night, a time when people are asleep and have no time to flee even if they are found.
2. Reasons. There are three main reasons for electric vehicles: First, the quality defects of electric vehicles themselves. The quality of electric vehicles varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, especially the quality of the battery circuit itself is unstable. The electric vehicle is too old, and the aging of the wires, short circuits and other problems lead to charging**. Inferior chargers are prone to poor contact and line damage, resulting in fires during charging. The second is improper use and maintenance. Such as exposure to the sun and rain, will cause damage to electric vehicles, burying the hidden danger of accidents. There is also overcharging, which can easily damage the battery and cause a fire when the electric vehicle is charged overnight. The third is that the charging wire is pulled indiscriminately. Residential areas, especially old communities, do not standardize the use of electricity, and do not use professional electric vehicle charging sockets. The EV charging facilities in residential areas, especially in old communities, have not been properly addressed. In the community where charging facilities have been built, due to the insufficient capacity of the charging site, the high level of charging, the distance and other reasons, residents are not willing to use charging piles to charge.
3. Recommendations. In order to strengthen the fire prevention of electric vehicles in residential areas and effectively reduce the occurrence of electric vehicle fire accidents, the following suggestions are put forward to strengthen the problem of indiscriminate charging of electric vehicles in residential areas:
First, pay close attention to the source sales management of electric vehicles. Market supervision and management, public security and other departments should strengthen the joint supervision of the production and sales of electric vehicles, resolutely prohibit the production of electric vehicles that do not meet the standards and even sell in the market, and the sale of electric vehicles that do not meet the requirements of laws, regulations and national standards, in accordance with the provisions of the "Product Quality Law" and other laws and regulations, order to stop sales, and impose fines or confiscation of illegal gains, and revoke the business license of the enterprise in accordance with the law if the circumstances are serious.
The second is to promote the construction of charging facilities in residential areas. On the one hand, fully consider the needs of residential communities and increase the coverage of charging pile construction. For residential quarters and residential buildings that have been put into use, the bottom number can be found out, implemented step by step, and electric bicycle charging sheds can be added and rebuilt in batchesSelect public places with more residential distribution, and build small centralized temporary charging points to meet the charging needs of the massesScientifically formulate a plan for the renovation of old communities, participate in investment and construction through a combination of financial investment and the introduction of social capital, and accelerate the solution of community renovation and installation of non-motor vehicle charging pile facilities. On the other hand, increase the construction of charging piles in new buildings and residential areas. In the early stage of the new community project, planning, strengthen the research, full demonstration, scientific planning of the new community overall planning indicators, according to the volume of the new community and the needs of the owner, together with the planning of battery car parking spaces and charging piles supporting construction, promote the construction of non-motorized public garages, and simultaneously implement the construction and acceptance of non-motor vehicle charging piles, so as to achieve full coverage of the residential community charging pile construction.
The third is to strengthen the management of parking and charging of electric vehicles. Towns (streets) should regularly carry out special inspections, guide neighborhood committees to carry out regular inspections, urge property service enterprises, residential community management units to strengthen fire prevention inspections and night inspections, and promptly discover and stop illegal parking and charging of electric vehicles in residential stairwells, corridors, evacuation channels, safety exits and other areas. The grid and comprehensive management departments should play the role of a platform, incorporate electric vehicle fire prevention into their daily work, and organize and mobilize grassroots grid forces to strengthen the parking and charging management of electric vehicles in residential buildings. Public security police stations should increase the intensity of supervision and inspection of neighborhood committees, property service enterprises, and residential community management units in accordance with the law, and supervise the performance of statutory fire safety duties. The fire department and the public security police station should strengthen law enforcement and strictly investigate and punish the illegal parking and charging of electric vehicles in accordance with the law. The housing and urban-rural development department should urge property service enterprises to strengthen the inspection and maintenance of shared fire-fighting facilities and equipment in the property area. The propaganda department strengthened publicity and guidance, using accidents as teaching materials, and strengthened the warning education on the prevention of private pick-up and charging in the residential industry. The social side should establish a long-term supervision mechanism, promote the strengthening of inspection reports on the properties of old communities and new residential communities, and deal with problems in a timely manner and put supervision in place.