Ji'an, December 6 (reporter Wang Yifan, correspondent Xiao Zhenhua, Zuo Yunfeng) Recently, a "Celebrating New Year's Day and Welcoming the New Year" Jizhou Kiln Dragon Kiln Firewood Burning Activity opened in Jizhou Kiln Scenic Area Ruins Park in Jiangxi Province.
Jizhou kiln is a very prestigious comprehensive folk kiln in ancient China, which was created in the late Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Southern Song Dynasty, with a history of more than 1,200 years. There are a total of 24 ancient kiln ruins from the late Tang Dynasty to the Song and Yuan dynasties, which is one of the largest and most well-preserved kiln ruins in the world so far.
Spanning thousands of years, what kind of history has Jizhou kiln gone through?What kind of butterfly is it going through today?
On the west bank of the middle reaches of the Ganjiang River, it is a thousand-year-old town with rich cultural heritage. It is the prosperity of ceramics that has created the prosperity of the ancient town.
Aerial photography of Jiangxi Jizhou Kiln Scenic Area Ruins Park (photo by Xiao Chen).
This flat area formed by the confluence of the Ganjiang River and Heshui was called "Dongchang" thousands of years ago. Since the establishment of the county, Dongchang has survived until the Sui and Tang dynasties through the Three Kingdoms, the Two Jin Dynasties, and the Northern and Southern Dynasties. In 631, Dongchang County was incorporated into Luling County.
After 432 years, Dongchang has not been submerged in the long river of history, but has developed into a major town in the south of the Yangtze River - Yonghe Town with ceramics. When it developed to the Song Dynasty, it was called "the three towns of the world" together with Foshan, Guangdong and Hankou, Hubei.
Time rewinds to the period of the Five Dynasties, the local people make pottery while farming, and gradually the rise of the kiln, with a large number of kiln workers in the north moving south, to the Song Jingde period, the town and city were set up, and a special ceramic management agency was set up.
The "Dongchang Chronicles" written in the Ming Dynasty recorded the grand occasion here during the two Song Dynasty: "When the sea is Yu Qingning, there are thousands of people living in it, the people are prosperous, and the boats and vehicles are divergent. In the Jizhou Kiln Museum, there is a restored model of the streets and alleys of Yonghe Town in the Song Dynasty.
Patterns are drawn on the craftsman's ceramics (photo by Xiao Chen).
During the Song and Yuan dynasties, this is a prosperous town with "three cities, six streets, and seventy-two flower lanes", and the skilled craftsmen from all over the world learn from others' strengths, and the "Yonghe kiln" grows day by day, develops and matures, and finally forms a famous comprehensive large-scale folk kiln in the country - Jizhou kiln.
Ceramic culture has a long history.
As one of the largest and best-preserved folk kilns in ancient China, it does not have the fame of Jingdezhen, an official kiln, but it also shines for more than 600 years in the Song and Yuan dynasties. Created to black glaze-based, to paper-cut appliqués, wood leaf patterns, kiln changes and other decoration of the unique art, its most representative utensils, when the number of black glaze leaf stickers, that is, commonly known as "wood leaf Tianmu Cup", this is the Southern Song Dynasty Jizhou kiln unique masterpiece.
When it comes to Konoha Tianmu, we have to start with a leaf.
Legend has it that more than 1,000 years ago, when a potter was firing a black glazed cup, a fallen leaf fell into it, and the potter did not realize that the hot leaf turned into a scorching "golden leaf" in the black and shiny tea cup. This unintentional act gave the local potters endless reverie. Since then, the Konoha Tianmu Lamp came into being.
The Southern Song Dynasty poet Chen Youyi has a poem: "The cypress tree explains the law, and the mulberry leaves can pass Zen", in the context of such an era, the floating mulberry leaves have become the first choice for porcelain making.
How can such ordinary mulberry leaves be pasted into the porcelain bowl and become a peerless treasure in "Nirvana"?
Konoha Tianmu Zhan (photo by Xiao Chen from CCTV).
First, mulberry leaves conform to the physical and chemical characteristics of porcelain, and second, mulberry leaves can also be "Zen". Take a piece of natural mulberry leaf with clear veins and hypertrophied leaf shape, wash and paste it in the porcelain blank of the tea cup, and then put a layer of transparent glaze into the kiln, after firing at a high temperature of more than 1200 degrees, the leaf ash falls off, and the magic is that the beautiful texture, shape, and vein are eternally and intact on the black tea cup.
The middle leaves of the lamp are either spread and stretched, or the body is curled, or one leaf is lying horizontally on the belly of the lamp, or one leaf is more than one leaf climbs up the mouth of the lamp, flashing on the deep wall. At that time, the tea was injected, and under the refraction of light, the leaves seemed to float in the water, if they were sinking and floating, writing the Zen meaning of "a leaf floating in the sky like water", which was amazing.
In addition to the eternal swan song - "Muye Tianmu Cup", blue and white glazed porcelain, green glaze carved porcelain pillow, paper-cut applique porcelain, rabbit hao pot and other utensils are also the crystallization of the wisdom of Jizhou kiln workers. In the Jizhou Kiln Museum, a red and green glaze printed pattern of the Northern Song Dynasty and a lotus Buddha statue of the Northern Song Dynasty sutire attracted everyone's attention.
According to the staff in the museum: "The red and green glaze printing pattern of the Northern Song Dynasty adopts the decorative technique of the northern kiln printing, and it is accompanied by a rare kiln changeThe plain fetus sits on the lotus Buddha statue, the surface of the carcass is not glazed, and there is no sign of cracking after thousands of years. All these reflect the superb porcelain-making technology of Jizhou kiln at that time.
One kiln lives, one kiln dies". These masterpieces have come out of the ancient kiln ruins and entered a new era.
In the Jizhou Kiln National Archaeological Site Park, 24 ancient kilns are dotted, covering an area of more than 80,000 cubic meters and a volume of more than 720,000 cubic meters. Among them, the Mao'anling Dragon Kiln Site is the most shocking, the most concentrated and the most spectacular, and it is also one of the widest and most well-preserved Dragon Kiln Relics found in China. Its excavation provides an important basis for ceramic workers to study the development scale of kilns in southern China.
These small hills towering on both sides of the road may seem inconspicuous, but they are lit in the vigorous fire of Chinese ceramic kilns, creating achievements that have attracted worldwide attention.
The humanistic background rhyme accumulates a thick streamer.
Yonghe Town is prosperous because of water and prosperous because of fire. Economic development will inevitably promote cultural development. There is a saying in the ancient book: "Talking about the prosperity of Ji'an, it is concentrated in Luling." Talking about the prosperity of Luling, it is in Yonghe. It can be seen that Yonghe had an extraordinary status in the Luling area at that time.
Humanities, it nurtured Zhou Bida, a famous politician, writer and practitioner of movable type printing in the Southern Song DynastyIt has attracted Su Dongpo, Yang Wanli, Wen Tianxiang, Hu Quan, Huang Tingjian and other cultural giants. The great traveler Xu Xiake also looked across the river, leaving a record of "Yonghe in the left side of the river".
In addition, a large number of excellent porcelain masters such as Shu Weng and Shu Jiao have also emerged. Shu Weng and Shu Jiao, the father and daughter, have created utensils comparable to the legendary "Brother Kiln".
The potter will place the ceramic on the laminate (photo by Xiao Chen).
These literati and porcelain craftsmen are deeply implanted in the memories of the locals and become the pride of the collective consciousness.
Geographically, there are as many as 40 places of interest and historic sites such as pavilions and pavilions in ancient Dongchang, ancestral temple towers, the most prestigious, when the number of Benjue Temple Tower, Fenggang Jingshe, Prime Minister's Reading Platform, Dongpo Well, Money Pool and other "Dongchang Fifteen Scenes".
Speaking of the Honkakuji Pagoda. It is rumored that the tower is a "flying tower" attracted by the red kiln fire day and night. In fact, it was built in the Tang Kaiyuan period, it is a pagoda of three sides and nine levels of 36 meters, after three disasters but stands beside the dragon kiln, waiting for a thousand years. The Northern Song Dynasty writer Su Shi and the Southern Song Dynasty national hero Wen Tianxiang have both ascended to it and wrote poems to express their nostalgia.
Also with the literati and scholars indissoluble bond is the "Qingdu view". This is also one of the "Fifteen Views of Dongchang". Su Dongpo personally wrote the inscription plaque for this thousand-year-old view built in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Huang Tingjian left a poem for it. Today, it has gone through wind and rain, and the incense lasts forever.
Think back to the three cities and seventy-two flower streets of Jizhou Yaopifang streets and alleys. The grand occasion of thousands of splendid shops and more than 10,000 households on 100-foot floors. Perhaps a "Song Street" can still peek into the prosperity of the past.
This 1,800-meter-long antique pedestrian street is lined with 38 houses in the style of imitation Song Dynasty houses in Ganzhong, where you can not only buy all kinds of exquisite porcelain, but also taste Yonghe's local specialties. When it comes to major festivals, there are intangible cultural displays such as oil-paper umbrella making, paper-cutting, candy blowing, and sugar painting.
Its profound cultural heritage has added a strong touch to this thousand-year-old town.
The Jizhou kiln is endlessly alive because of the kiln fire. and through the Ganjiang River, the "best water transport" device, to go all over the world. Danshadu Wharf is the distribution center of Jizhou kiln ceramics in the old days, because of the berthing and ferrying of ships, it has become the starting point of Jizhou kiln to the maritime Silk Road and the world.
Today's Jizhou kiln has gone through a history of more than 1,200 years. In 2001, Jizhou kiln was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. In 2014, its ceramic firing skills were included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage list, and subsequently, it successfully created a national 4A-level tourist attraction. In the scenic area, you can also experience the "four elegances of the Song Dynasty" such as tea, incense, flower arrangement, and painting.
Nowadays, under the strong promotion of Ji'an City and Ji'an County, the "antique" brand of Jizhou Kiln Scenic Area and the red brand of Jinggangshan echo each other, showing a new trend of diversified development. Through the introduction of diversified operating entities and the development of upstream and downstream industrial chains, the ancient kiln has bloomed with strong vitality.
On July 16th, Ji'an County's "Fun in Luling and Fun for a Summer" summer cultural tourism consumption season was grandly opened in Jizhou Kiln Scenic Area Ruins Park. A series of cultural and tourism activities such as the first electronic music splashing season of Jizhou kiln, the fifth dragon kiln firewood burning kiln activity of Jizhou kiln, and the summer night light show were launched, which lasted until the end of August. From January to October this year, it received 77 tourists0.45 million person-times.
At the end of 2018, the creation of Jizhou Yao National 5A-level tourist attraction was officially launched. People quietly found that today's Jizhou kiln is more fun. Folk performances, Gu Yu poetry clubs, street dance competitions, pottery competitions, ......A variety of themed activities dot the Jizhou kilns of the four seasons.
People are happy and happy. Walking on the ancient road of Jizhou kiln thousand-year-old box, blowing the ubiquitous pottery relic wind. In the past life, Gu Dongchang created a glorious history, and in this life, Jizhou kiln will surely create a bright future.
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