This article is from "Nankai Sun Pharmacist", which is used for medical science popularization for reference. Who should not take amlodipine, metformin, vitamin B12, lorazepam, zopiclone, es**, diclofenac sodium??
Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker, which is a commonly used first-line antihypertensive drug in clinical practice, and is mainly used in clinical hypertension and angina.
Amlodipine should not be taken by the following people:
1.It is forbidden for those who are allergic to this drug and those with severe hypotension.
2.Patients with hypotension, severe aortic stenosis, severe hepatic insufficiency, and congestive heart failure should be used with caution.
3.Patients with impaired liver function should use with caution.
4.It is recommended for pregnant and lactating women when there are no other safer alternatives and when the disease itself is more dangerous to the mother and child.
Metformin is currently the first-line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical practice, and it is preferred for type 2 diabetes mellitus where simple diet control and physical exercise are ineffective in controlling blood sugar.
The following groups of people should not take metformin:
1.Type 2 diabetes mellitus with acute metabolic disorders such as ketoacidosis, non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma, 2 to 3 days before intravenous pyelogram or arteriography, alcoholics, diabetes mellitus with serious chronic complications (such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic fundus lesions), liver and renal insufficiency, severe infection and trauma, major surgery, and clinical hypoxia such as hypotension and respiratory failure, patients with vitamin B12, folic acid and iron deficiency, patients with poor general condition (such as malnutrition, dehydration), Patients with renal insufficiency, severe heart and lung diseases, (such as heart failure, acute myocardial infarction) are contraindicated.
2.Not suitable for pregnant and lactating women.
3.Elderly patients (65 years old) should use with caution.
Vitamin B12 is an essential water-soluble vitamin for the human body, which is a cobalt-containing red compound, which can be used clinically for megaloblastic anemia and neurological diseases such as multiple peripheral neuritis, neuralgia, and nerve atrophy.
The following groups of people should not take vitamin B12:
1.Should be contraindicated in patients with malignancy (may promote malignant growth).
2.In patients with neurological impairment, vitamin B12 should not be used until the diagnosis is clear, so as not to mask the relevant clinical manifestations.
3.Familial hereditary retrobulbar optic neuritis (Lieber's disease) and smoking amblyopia are contraindicated.
Lorazepam is a medium-potency benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drug, which is mainly used in the acute phase control of severe anxiety disorders, anxiety states and panic anxiety in clinical practice, suitable for short-term use, and can also be used for anxiety accompanied by mental depression, and is also a common drug for insomnia, suitable for patients with insomnia who have shallow sleep, easy to wake up and need to keep their minds awake in the morning.
The following groups of people should not take lorazepam:
1.Patients with myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, sleep apnea syndrome, severe respiratory insufficiency, pregnant women, and lactating women are contraindicated.
2.Patients with acute alcoholism who are in a state of central nervous system suppression, people with a history of drug abuse or addiction, and patients with hyperkinetic disorder should use with caution.
3.Use with caution in patients with epilepsy (abrupt discontinuation of the drug can lead to seizures).
4.Use with caution in patients with hypoproteinemia (which can cause drowsiness and difficulty waking up).
5.Patients with severe mental depression should use with caution (it can aggravate the condition and even produce suicidal tendencies).
6.Use with caution in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (can exacerbate respiratory failure).
7.Use with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis with dyspnea (which can make the condition worse).
8.Patients with liver and kidney insufficiency should be used with caution (the elimination half-life of this drug can be extended).
Zopiclone is a new non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drug, which belongs to the ciclopyrrorodone class and is suitable for various types of insomnia.
The following groups of people should not take zopiclone:
1.Patients with decompensated respiratory insufficiency, myasthenia gravis, severe sleep apnea syndrome, and severe hepatic insufficiency are contraindicated.
2.Patients with respiratory disorders or other diseases, depression, and addicts in the recovery period should use with caution.
Pregnant women, lactating women, and children should use with caution.
Es** belongs to the medium-potency benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drugs, which are mainly used for insomnia in clinical practice, and can also be used for anti-anxiety, anti-convulsant and anti-epilepsy.
The following groups of people should not take ES**:
1.Myasthenia gravis, acute angle-closure glaucoma, severe respiratory insufficiency, patients with sleep apnea syndrome, pregnant and lactating women are contraindicated.
2.Patients with chronic pulmonary insufficiency, severe depression or suicidal tendencies, the elderly and people with weak constitution, those who drink alcohol or take other central nervous system suppressant drugs, those with addiction tendencies, and those with severe liver and kidney impairment should use with caution.
3.Use with caution in patients with encephalopathy (at risk of exacerbating symptoms).
4.Use with caution in patients with psychosis (at risk of exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms).
5.Elderly patients with hypertension should use with caution.
Diclofenac sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of anthranilic acid, which has the main effects of anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic.
The following groups of people should not take diclofenac sodium:
1.Patients who are allergic to this drug, aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or who have acute rhinitis, asthma, urticaria or other ** reactions after the application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyperallergic constitution, pregnant women, lactating women, and perioperative patients with coronary artery bypass graft are prohibited.
2.Patients with peptic ulcer, patients with a history of peptic ulcer, patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohnal disease, patients with hematologic abnormalities, patients with hypertension, heart disease, patients convalescent after major surgery, patients with extracellular fluid loss for any reason, patients with urticaria, and patients with a history of asthma should be used with caution.
3.Patients who must limit sodium intake should use with caution (because this drug contains sodium).
4.Patients with liver and kidney insufficiency should use with caution (patients with severe liver insufficiency should be used under close medical supervision).