At the end of the twentieth century, the Soviet Union repeatedly violated China's border territories, including China's Zhenbao Island in Heilongjiang, and its deep areas, and Chinese border fighters were forced to pick up a counterattack, and Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated.
In such a situation, the newly reunified Vietnam did not choose to build a country full of holesRather, it occupies the Punian Territory of Guangxi, ChinaSet up military installations overnight to defend against Chinese counterattacks.
In 1978, Vietnam signed a cooperation treaty with the Soviet Union. With the support of the Soviet Union, Vietnam quickly pushed forward the plan for the "Federation of Indochina". In the same year,Vietnam sent nearly 200,000 troops to invade Cambodia, will prop up a puppet regime, take Cambodia for itself, also carry out military infiltration into Laos, and repeatedly try to encroach on China's border territories.
As an old partner who has been fighting with Vietnam for many years, the Chinese leadership believes that if the Soviet Union and Vietnam collude, China will be subject to the enemy and constrained by both countries. In order to avoid China being in a passive position in the future,China took the initiative to break the strategic encirclement of the Soviet Union and Vietnam.
On December 7, 1978, the ** Military Council convened a meeting and decided to go to war against Vietnam. On the second day, the ** Military Commission dispatched Xu Shiyou, commander of the Guangzhou Military Region, to serve as the commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front, Yang Dezhi, commander of the Wuhan Military Region, served as commander-in-chief of the Western Front.
The troops of the Guangzhou Military Region and the Kunming Military Region were ordered to assemble openly, replenish their personnel, and prepare for war, and after that, a steady stream of supplies, artillery, armored troops, engineering troops, and aviation troops were sent to the Sino-Vietnamese border, including more than 700 aircraft and other important military units. In order to avoid our country being attacked on the back when fighting against Vietnam,China's South China Sea Fleet has formed a new ship formation 217 to guard the South China SeaFight back against the Soviet invasion at any time.
China's meeting was not announced to the worldTherefore, the international community is uncertain about the specific time of China's war against Vietnam.
The Malayan Bulletin published an article in that year's journal titled "Will China Punish Vietnam?".argues that even if this war is unavoidable, it will be waged on a limited scale.
Also concerned about this is Vietnam. In order to learn more about China,Vietnam sent a large number of ** to the squadron ** to spy on intelligence.
At the end of 1978, according to first-hand information that Vietnam had obtainedVietnamese military intelligence believed that China would attack Vietnam on New Year's Day 1979.
It was the hardest New Year's Day for the Vietnamese soldiers. Amid the sound of firecrackers, when the New Year was being celebrated throughout China, the Vietnamese soldiers on the Sino-Vietnamese border were sweating in the trenches, afraid that the Chinese side would send troops, and looked nervously at the Chinese garrison camp across the border. Until the end of New Year's Day, China did not attack.
Just after New Year's Day in 1979, the Vietnamese army's intelligence department issued another warning to the domestic army, believing that the squadron would attack Vietnam on January 5.
January 5 arrived, and the squadron did not come.
Vietnam has always boasted of being the third largest country in the worldThe failure did not dampen his confidence。On January 8, after careful consideration, the Vietnamese Military Commission issued instructions to strengthen combat readiness.
First, the domestic armed forces, especially the First and Second Military Regions, which are close to the Sino-Vietnamese border, must be at the highest level of combat readiness. Secondly, the army camp must be manned by one-third to two-thirds of the troops. Thirdly, spot the enemy, immediately **.
After the Military Commission issued the order, Vietnam entered a stage of intense preparation for war, and all the troops did not take off their armor and waited for the day. Later, the intelligence services predicted that China would arrive on January 15Until the 15th, there was still no shadow of the People's Liberation Army.
The squadron that has been delayed for a long time has become more and more convinced of international conjecture, and the Vietnamese leader also believes that China is just a bluff. Vietnam has played an aggressive role for the past decade, knowing the Sino-Vietnamese border better than China, and the whole situation is still in Vietnam's hands.
StillVietnam's highest combat readiness is still not liftedFor the fourth time, the intelligence department made a prediction - the squadron will arrive on Friday. As a result, the army would conduct Xi every five days to be vigilant against China's attack.
What exactly is the highest level of combat readiness in Vietnam?Perhaps we can see some clues from the battle plan of that year.
The Sino-Vietnamese border is located in the north of Vietnam, and the border area is long and wide, bordering China's Yunnan and Guangxi provinces, which is difficult to fully defend. This is Vietnam's first difficult problem in defending against China.
Fortunately, the terrain in the northern part of Vietnam is steep, the mountain shape is mostly stone mountains, earth mountains and karst stone mountains, the mountains are densely covered with many natural caves, and there are many canyons in the mountains, covered with dense herbaceous plants, and the squadron cannot cross such a steep terrain. Therefore, the main strength of the Vietnamese army was placed on the main communication routes between China and Vietnam, and a large number of mines, bamboo sticks and other items were placed on the roads, railways and nearby areas along the border.
In the arrangement of troops, the Vietnamese army mainly took the former light and the rear heavyArmed public security cantonments, local troops, and mobile field units are all its defense checkpoints, which are progressively distributed in echelons to form a defense-in-depth system.
In order to defend against Chinese tank crews, the Vietnamese army dug anti-tank trenches on the roads and laid minefields and obstacles on and near the roads as the first line of defense against tanks.
On top of this, they also built a large number of bunkers, trenches and fire firing points in the dangerous terrain. A large number of soldiers were erected on high places and controlled several ground fortifications.
Fortifications in Vietnam were mainly underground, and when the ground fortifications were destroyed, the underground fortifications were still able to operateThe Tongdeng Ghost Tun Fort, which they once claimed to be indestructible, is one of them。Built during the French colonial period, the fort has a three-story structure that can echo with the rest of the fort to defend against enemy attacks, and is a permanent fortification. The fort was blown up in the Sino-Vietnamese War, and it took 12 tons of explosives and 2 tons of gasoline to open the road.
In terms of the army, Vietnam has set up the First Military Region and the Second Military Region, including the 316A, 345, 346, 3rd and 338th Divisions.
Since two years ago, Vietnam has quietly mobilized a large number of troops on the Sino-Vietnamese border, and in 1979 these troops were naturally integrated into the two military regions as the main force of the highest combat readiness.
In 1976, the 3rd Division of the Vietnamese Army, the "Venus Division", Vietnam's main force against the United States, was drawn from the south and stationed in Lunan County and Lu'an County in Hebei Province. After the establishment of the First Military Region, Vietnam incorporated the 3rd Division under the name of the First Military Region.
Also in 1976, under the pretext of preventing the "execution of a conspiracy" in the North, Vietnam transferred the strength of two divisions to the North to carry out the General Staff and the 1st.
1. Combat readiness duty in the three military regions. After this,Vietnam cleared the 316th Division of overseas Chinese and ethnic ChineseThis army was transferred from the 3rd Military Region to the 1st Military Region of Lai Chau Province.
In May 1978, the Second Military Region was established in the northwest of Vietnam, the 316th Division belongs to the name,Still on combat readiness duty.
On January 19, 1979, Vietnamese leader Le Duan gave instructions on the "Instructions on the Political Work of the Army", the number of squadrons is large, but it is not as good as Vietnam, and the people should have confidence in this war.
However,The days passed, but I never saw the shadow of the ** squadron. Although the Vietnamese army has drawn up a sophisticated battle plan, built a large number of military works on the border, and mobilized troops from all over the country, the army's momentum is declining day by day. The military activities every five days have exhausted the Vietnamese soldiers, and some of them have even become insane.
The enthusiasm for actual combat is low, and they are waiting for changes to be delayedThis has become the norm after Vietnam lasted more than 40 days at its highest combat readiness.
On January 28thAt the invitation of Jimmy Carter, the United States, he went to the United States for a visit
After hearing the news, Vietnam panicked even more, and stepped up the training of soldiers to prepare for the imminent attack of China, but Vietnam's intelligence once again failed - the future of the enemy's army.
The world is speculating about when China will strike back at Vietnam
On February 10, Hong Kong published an article titled "Gathering Forces to Prepare for a Battle on the Border"**, arguing that China is not just intimidating Vietnam, but is likely to do it with real guns.
On February 12, Japan also released news of a possible Chinese attack on Vietnam, and speculated about China's offensive route: from Friendship Pass to Dong Deng, VietnamOr an offensive from the road in Cao Binh, Vietnam?
On the 17th, this was not the "every Friday" attack predicted by the intelligence services, nor was it that special holiday. The sun is still rising in the east, and buses are still driving slowly on Highway 4 on the border between the two countriesEven the combat units of the Vietnamese army are still asleep in the dream of victory.
On the same day, the people's ** issued a statement on the measures that our People's Liberation Army was about to take against VietnamThe article "Is it tolerable, which is unbearable".He stated China's position on Vietnam: We do not want an inch of Vietnam's land, nor will we allow others to encroach on an inch of China's land, and the Chinese border guards will strictly guard the borders of the motherland.
When the sky is just dawning,The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) pressed the border and mobilized 200,000 troops to attack Vietnam. After the People's Liberation Army on the Eastern Front entered the Vietnamese border, its troops were divided into 14 routes and launched an attack on Cao Ping, an important town in North Vietnam, and by the afternoon of the 17th, the People's Liberation Army had formed a circular defensive position in Dong Binh, completely cutting off the rear route of the Vietnamese army in Cao Bang Province.
This surprise attack came as a complete surprise to the authorities in Hanoi, Vietnam, the Vietnamese army was caught off guard, and it took only one month to defeat the Vietnamese.
Vietnam's plans, which had been prepared for more than two years, came to naught in January, bringing the combat readiness level to the highest, but they did not expect the PLA to launch a counterattack until February.
The so-called "one drum, then decline, three and exhaustion", the Vietnamese army has been constantly Xi, training, and changing plans in the past month, and in the face of the intelligence department, the soldiers are panicked and tiredNaturally, it is impossible to resist the energetic People's Liberation ArmyCoupled with the fire of victory in the heart of the PLA, it will eventually lead to victory.