"Collective cancer of research group members" and "study valve".The turmoil has not subsided. , I have to say that Su Shicheng's team of Academician Song Erwei has a strong heart and is really productive in scientific research!On December 5th, the cell was just released, and on the 13th, Su Shicheng's team cooperated with Academician Song Erwei to reissue nature!
December 13, 2023natureThe journal published a study entitled "Tumour circular RNAs elicit anti-tumour immunity by encoding cryptic peptides" by the team of Song Erwei and Su Shicheng from the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Malignant Tumors of Sun Yat-sen University and the Breast Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital**. The studyA tumor cell-specific circular RNA (circfam53b) was discovered that produces recessive antigenic peptides through a non-canonical translation process that is able to effectively activate anti-tumor immunity. This study showed vaccinationThe use of tumor-specific circular RNA to make vaccines may be an immunological** strategy against malignancies.
Song Erwei (left) and Su Shicheng (right).
Everyone should know that tumors are in addition to surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, etcTargeting**In addition to a variety of ** methods, there is also a new ** way--Tumor Immunity**
Targeting is a kind of abnormal gene-based means to develop corresponding ** drugs for abnormal molecules or genes (targets) in the development of tumors, that is, targeted drugsTargeted** drugs specifically select tumor cells and kill them without harming surrounding normal tissue cells after entering the body. It should be noted that genetic testing should be performed to confirm that it meets the conditions for targeting** before targeting**.
Tumor Immunity**As a new type of mode, it activates the body's immune system and reshapes the tumor-immune microenvironment, thereby achieving tumor control and clearance. The breakthrough point of this method is to intervene in the interaction between tumor cells and the immune system to restore the host's normal anti-tumor immune response. For example, immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors) that are often heard of.
In recent years,Tumor neoantigensIt has become a new research direction of tumor immunology. Neoantigens are tumor-specific mutations that produce tumor cell surface antigens and are highly individual-specific. Previous research has focused on:Protein-coding genesto identify tumour-specific antigenstsas
In this study, in order to screen for potential tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) in breast cancer patients, the researchers performed HLA-I immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis on tumor tissue samples from six breast cancer patients with different HLA types. By comparing the results of mass spectrometry analysis with the data in the database, the researchers did not find any tumor-specific mutant peptides in the protein-coding genome. However, they further explored that the HLA binding peptide may be genomically derivedNon-coding regions, such as altered mRNA splicing events, long non-coding RNAs (LNCRNs), and untranslated regions (UTRs), are referred to:Recessive antigens。The highlight of this study was the discovery of circfam53b.
Follow-up studies have demonstrated that circfam53b can encode peptides and be associated with the immune system;Circfam53B was shown to induce anti-tumor immune responsesCircfam53b was demonstrated to be a circular RNA that can encode antigenic peptides;Immune response to circfam53b in immunocompetent mouse models;Circfam53B vaccine was shown to inhibit tumor progression. These data suggest that tumor vaccination using the covert antigenic peptide encoded by circRNA may be an effective immuno-oncology strategy, a relatively novel drug development idea, and a very innovative topic idea.