At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Liu Bei and Cao Cao were hunting in Xuchang, Guan Yu persuaded Liu Bei to kill Cao Cao. However, Liu Bei believed that Cao Cao's survival was beneficial to the world and refused to carry out Guan Yu's advice. This decision became a pivotal and far-reaching one in later historical evolution.
According to the record of "Shu Ji" quoted by Pei Note in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Guan Yu", during the hunt in Xuchang, Guan Yu urged Liu Bei to kill Cao Cao, but Liu Bei insisted on not complying. When he was fluttering in Jiangzhu in Xiakou, Guan Yu angrily said that if he had followed his advice, he would not have fallen into today's predicament. Liu Bei thought that keeping Cao Cao at that time was for the sake of the country, and believed that if Heaven was correct, the future would be a blessing.
First of all, to understand Liu Bei's refusal, we need to go back to the scene when Liu Bei rescued Tao Qian in the first year of Xingping (194). Liu Bei and Guan Yu stationed troops in Xuzhou, and eventually led Xuzhou Mu. In the third year of Jian'an (198), Liu Bei and Lü Bu competed for Xuzhou, and Cao Cao sent troops to support Liu Bei, and finally captured Xuzhou. Liu Bei and others returned to Xuchang and temporarily lived under Cao Cao, and during this period, Cheng Yu and other strategists suggested that Cao Cao kill Liu Bei.
However, Liu Bei's rejection of Guan Yu's suggestion was even more important when Xu Tian was hunting. In 208 AD, Cao Cao conquered Jingzhou, and Liu Bei and his party were almost caught up by Cao Cao's army. Guan Yu sighed that if he had killed Cao Cao in the first place, he might not have fallen into such a predicament. Why did Liu Bei stop Guan Yu's actions when Xu Tian was hunting?
On the one hand, the Xu Tian Siege took place around 199 AD, when Liu Bei did not have enough strength to replace Cao Cao, let alone pacify Cao Cao's subordinates. If Liu Bei fails to stop Guan Yu, it may cause Guan Yu to fail, and Liu Bei and others will be in danger, and even their lives will be in danger. Xuchang and the surrounding areas were under Cao Cao's control, and Cao Wei's generals and strategists would not let Liu Bei and others go.
On the other hand, around 199 AD, although Cao Cao had ambitions to usurp the throne, his policies were helpful to the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao Cao's usurpation of power lacked substantial evidence, and Guan Yu's assassination was difficult to obtain the support of the Han family. In the first year of Jian'an (196), Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, promoted the status of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, and stabilized the regime of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao Cao restored the strength of the Han Dynasty by eliminating the threat of Yuan Shu and Tuntian, in fact, he was safeguarding the interests of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
In the second year of Jian'an (197), Cao Cao crusaded against Yuan Shu and prevented more usurped emperors. Through the southern conquest and the northern war, Cao Cao consolidated the power of the Eastern Han Dynasty and provided a guarantee for the survival of the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the Edict Incident, Cao Cao quelled the crisis in time and stabilized the Eastern Han regime. Liu Bei did not get rid of Cao Cao when he hunted in Xu Tian, which also left the possibility for the survival of the Eastern Han Dynasty later.
In the end, Wang Yun's lesson in getting rid of Dong Zhuo was also one of the reasons why Liu Bei prevented Guan Yu from assassinating Cao Cao. Although Wang Yun succeeded in eliminating Dong Zhuo, he was unable to control the situation, leading to the emergence of Lu Bu. Lü Bu's complicated relationship with Emperor Liu Xie of the Han Dynasty eventually led to Wang Yun being killed and Liu Xie becoming Lü Bu's puppet.
Wang Yun's defeat taught Liu Bei not only to guard against Cao Cao, but also to avoid falling into civil strife. Liu Bei's rejection of Guan Yu's suggestion may have been to ensure the relative stability of the Eastern Han court. Cao Cao's later historical evaluation is controversial, but if Liu Bei had killed Cao Cao during the hunt in Xu Tian, it might have changed Cao Cao's historical status.
At this historical juncture, the choice of Liu Bei and Guan Yu had a profound impact on the fate of the Eastern Han court. Liu Bei's rational decision not only maintained his own power, but also created an opportunity for the continued existence of the Eastern Han court. At the intersection of history, the difference of a thought has achieved the legendary story in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
This article delves into the key decisions made by Liu Bei and Guan Yu during the hunting in Xuchang in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, as well as the far-reaching impact of this decision on historical development. Through detailed historical records and logical analysis, the author shows the rationality of Liu Bei's rejection of Guan Yu's suggestion, and at the same time reveals the complex background of political and power competition at that time.
First of all, the author cleverly starts from the historical background of Liu Bei and Guan Yu in Xuzhou to guide readers to understand Liu Bei's attitude towards Cao Cao. By explaining Liu Bei's actions in the first year of Xingping and the third year of Jian'an, it reveals how Liu Bei coped with the predicament and why he thought that killing Cao Cao was not the best option at that time. This section provides readers with a basis for in-depth reflection and a solid historical foundation for subsequent discussions.
Secondly, the article analyzes Liu Bei's refusal from multiple angles, highlighting the practical considerations at that time. The author emphasizes the time around 199 AD, pointing out that Liu Bei did not have enough strength to replace Cao Cao at that moment, and that killing Cao Cao could lead to an even more dangerous situation for Liu Bei and others. This reasonable consideration of reality presents the reader with the intricacies of the political landscape at that time, emphasizing the rationality and prudence of Liu Bei's decision-making.
In the third part of the article, the author provides an objective evaluation of Cao Cao's governance strategy. By pointing out Cao Cao's actions in eliminating Yuan Shu and Tuntian, as well as his efforts to maintain the Eastern Han Dynasty, it is revealed that Cao Cao was defending the interests of the Eastern Han Dynasty to a certain extent. This view provides the reader with a view of Cao Cao's controversial contributions to the Eastern Han court.
Finally, the author emphasizes the lessons of history and Liu Bei's vigilance to avoid civil strife through a reference to the lessons of Wang Yun's failure to get rid of Dong Zhuo. This section adds a lot to the whole article and shows the author's deep insight into historical details.
Overall, this review is an in-depth analysis of historical events, with clear and logical rigor. Through the consideration of the political and power competition at that time, Liu Bei's wisdom in rejecting Guan Yu's suggestion was highlighted. At the same time, the evaluation of Cao Cao and Wang Yun is also objective and neutral, presenting the complexity of historical figures in an impartial manner. On the whole, this commentary** has profound historical thinking and unique insights, presenting readers with a vivid and enlightening historical picture.
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