Soil routine eight tests refer to the detection and analysis of eight indicators of soil to evaluate the quality and fertility of soil. These indicators include soil pH, soil organic matter, soil texture, soil moisture, soil nitrogen, soil phosphorus, soil potassium, etc. The detection methods and significance of these metrics are described in detail below.
1. Soil pH value.
Soil pH refers to the pH of the soil solution, which is one of the important indicators to evaluate soil quality. Soil pH affects the availability of nutrients in the soil, the activity of microorganisms, and the growth of plants. Common measurement methods include dipstick, colorimetry, and potentiometric methods.
2. Soil organic matter.
Soil organic matter refers to the organic matter present in the soil, including plant residues, animal feces, microorganisms, etc. Soil organic matter is an important nutrient for plant growth**, while also improving soil structure and water retention. Common measurement methods include potassium dichromate volumetric method, burning method, and colorimetric method.
3. Soil texture.
Soil texture refers to the relative proportions and combinations of mineral particles of different particle sizes in the soil, which can be classified by visual observation or using a soil texture classification table. Soil texture affects water retention, nutrient capacity, and plant growth. Common measurement methods include sieving and specific gravity.
4. Soil moisture.
Soil moisture refers to the amount of water present in the soil and is an important condition for plant growth and nutrient uptake. The amount of soil moisture affects the aeration of the soil, the temperature and the availability of nutrients. Common measurement methods include the drying method, the resistance method, and the dielectric constant method.
5. Soil nitrogen.
Soil nitrogen refers to the nitrogen present in the soil and is one of the nutrients necessary for plant growth. Soil nitrogen content and morphology affect plant growth and yield. Common measurement methods include spectrophotometry, fluorescence, etc.
6. Soil phosphorus.
Soil phosphorus refers to the phosphorus element present in the soil and is one of the nutrients necessary for plant growth. Soil phosphorus content and morphology can affect plant growth and yield. Common measurement methods include spectrophotometry, phospho-molybdenum blue colorimetry, etc.
7. Soil potassium.
Soil potassium refers to the potassium element present in the soil and is one of the nutrients necessary for plant growth. The amount and morphology of potassium in the soil can affect the growth and yield of plants. Common measurement methods include flame photometry, ion-selective electrode method, etc.
8. Precautions.
The following points need to be paid attention to when carrying out the routine eight soil tests: first, a representative soil sample should be selected for testing to avoid errors;Secondly, the relevant testing procedures and standards should be followed to ensure the accuracy of the resultsFinally, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on the test results, such as weather, time, instruments and equipment, etc.
In conclusion, the eight routine soil tests are one of the important means to evaluate soil quality and fertility, which is of great significance for guiding agricultural production and improving crop yield and quality.