Ryegrass multiflora is a common grass species with high nutritional value and forage value. How to identify multiflora ryegrass is an essential skill for farmers and grassland managers.
1. Morphological characteristics.
Ryegrass multiflora is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant with a plant height of 30 150 cm. The stem is erect or oblique, the surface is ribbed, the base of the stem is branched, and the internodes are short. The leaves of multiflora ryegrass are long and flattened, linear or band-shaped, with a leaf length of 20 to 40 cm and a leaf width of 04 1 cm. Leaf sheath**, leaf tongue short, membranous. Spike-like inflorescences spherical or ovate-shaped, 2 6 cm long, 1 cm wide5 4 cm, spikelets dense, sessile, oblong or ovate, containing 2 3 florets. The flowering period of multiflora ryegrass is generally June to July, and the fruiting period is July to September.
2. Growth environment.
Ryegrass multiflora is adaptable and can grow in a variety of soil types, such as moist meadows, understory meadows, roadsides, river banks, etc. It prefers warm, humid climates and is not hardy of cold or heat. In a suitable growing environment, multiflora ryegrass grows faster and yields more.
3. Identification methods.
1.Observed morphological characteristics: the stems of multiflora ryegrass are erect or oblique, and the surface is ribbed;The leaves are long, flattened, linear or band-like;Spikes spherical or ovate-shaped, spikelets dense, sessile.
2.Observe the growing environment: Multiflora ryegrass prefers warm and humid climates and is not cold or heat tolerant. In the right growing environment, multiflora ryegrass grows faster.
3.Observe the flowering and fruiting period: the flowering period of multiflora ryegrass is generally from June to July, and the fruiting period is from July to September.
Once it is determined that there is a large amount of multiflora ryegrass in the field, it is necessary to choose the right herbicide for wheat field control. So, what's the best way to get rid of weeds?
At present, the effective herbicides include alkynyl ester, fluazosulfuron, methyl disulfuron, zoline, etc., but with the increase of resistance of multiflora ryegrass to conventional compounds in recent yearsMost of the herbicides were effective, and only zolinolate maintained high activity against them.
The best control time for ryegrass multiflora is at the 3-4 leaf stage, and the difficulty of control gradually increases with the growth of weeds. The best control period is about 5 leaves of wheat, about 3 leaves of multiflora ryegrass, you can use 10% zoolinoline dispersible oil suspension 50ml, choose sunny weather, average temperature above 10, uniform spray on the foliage.
If the control is carried out after the year, when the weed plant is large, the best weeding scheme is 10% azolinocolate dispersible oil suspension 50ml + 15% alkynyl ester 50ml for control.
Zoline is a neophenyl pyrazolino herbicide, which was developed and marketed in 2006. Zoline oxarate has the characteristics of novel structure and unique mechanism of action. It is a potential product that will lead the market in the category of herbicides for stems and leaves after seedlings in wheat fields.
Wheat. 1. Mechanism of action of zoolinofen ester:
Azoline oxalate is an acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Accase) inhibitor, which can be rapidly absorbed by weed stems and leaves, and then conducted to meristems to inhibit the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Accase) in plantsAs a result, the biosynthesis of fatty acids is blocked, interfering with the formation of cell membranes, and the lipid-containing structure of the cell membrane is destroyed, so that cell growth stops, resulting in the cessation of weed growth and eventual death.
2. Characteristics of the action of zolinexate:
1. The speed of action is fast, generally the sensitive weeds stop growing after 48 hours after application, the weeds begin to turn yellow within 1 2 weeks, and the weeds die completely within 3 4 weeks. The degree of weed damage and response speed after pesticide application are related to climatic conditions, weed species, growth conditions and other factors.
2. The safety of zoolinolate on wheat and barley is high, and the leaves of wheat may show transient green loss symptoms under adverse conditions (such as low temperature and high humidity), but it will not affect its normal growth and development and final yield.
3. The chemical structure of zoolinoline ester is unique, the site of action is different from other ACCASE inhibitors, and there is no cross-resistance to the herbicides used in large wheat fields to control gramineous weeds, and the control effect of multiflora ryegrass, Kanmai Niang, Japanese Kanmai Niang, and Herbacea is ideal for the control of multiflora ryegrass, Kanmai Niang, Japanese Kanmai Niang, and Herbaceae that are difficult to control.
4. Zoline ester is easy to hydrolyze, degraded quickly in the soil, difficult to leach, rarely absorbed by the roots, only very low soil activity, and has no effect on the next crop. It is resistant to rain erosion, and the rain does not affect the weeding effect in the rain for 1 hour after application.
5. The application period of zoolino ester is wider, and the pesticide can be applied from the 2 leaves and 1 heart stage of barley to the flowering stage, which can control the multifloral wild oats from the 2 leaf stage to the end of tillering, and the multiflora ryegrass from the 2 leaf stage to the occurrence of tillers.
Wheat. 3. Grass spectrum of zoolinolate control:
Zoline oxalate is mainly used for post-bud control of annual gramineous weeds in wheat and barley fields, such as Mai Niang, Japanese Mai Niang, wild oats, multiflora ryegrass, dogtail grass, Grass grass, hard grass, Wild grass and stick grass. For spring cereals, the safety agent lycofenate is usually added to improve the safety of the product.
Fourth, the technical points of the use of zoolinoxilate:
1. Use period: pesticides can be applied from wheat 2 leaves and 1 heart stage to flag leaf stage, and the best application time in the field is 3 5 leaf stages after the emergence of grass weeds.
2. Dosage: Use 60-80ml of 50g L azolinoline emulsifiable concentrate mixed with water and 15-30kg dilution spray per mu before winter. If it is used after spring, adjust it to 80-100ml mu. If the weeds are older or denser, the dosage can be increased appropriately.
3. Water mixture: usually add 15 to 30 kg of water per mu, and spray evenly and finely.
4. When the weeds are older or the density is larger, it is advisable to use a high dose or increase the dosage appropriately.
5. Direction of zoolinolate compound products:
In terms of compounding agents, the main products with the potential for compound development are as follows. Azolinolate + alkynyl ester, azolinolate + isoproturon, azolinolate + methyldisulfuron, azolinolate + fluasulfuron, azolinolate + pyrimidoxam, azolefenolate + diflusulfam, etc.