After four years of Jingjing, Zhu Di, the king of Yan, finally won the throne and became the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, known as Ming Chengzu by later generations. However, when he faced the former ministers of the Jianwen Dynasty, he showed an extremely cruel side. This article will delve into how Zhu Di treated the old ministers of the Jianwen period and reveal the bloody past in this history.
1. Huang Zicheng's tragic situation.
Huang Zicheng once studied for Zhu Yun's silly mu palace and had a close relationship with Zhu Yun. However, after Zhu Yun ascended the throne, Huang Zicheng became Zhu Di's first target. According to historical records, Huang Zicheng's family of 65 people of all ages and 380 relatives were arrested. Huang Zicheng was dismembered and died, the men of the family were beheaded, the female dependents were used as official prostitutes, and the rest of the in-laws were on the frontier.
Second, the end of Qitai.
Qi Tai was the key figure in suggesting to Emperor Jianwen to cut the feudal domain, and was the minister left by Zhu Yuanzhang to Zhu Yun. However, after Zhu Yun ascended the throne, Qi Tai became Zhu Di's next target. After being arrested, Qi Tai was killed, his family was executed, and his relatives were assigned. This bloody revenge brought Qi Tai's life to a dead end.
3. Fang Xiaoru's steadfastness.
Fang Xiaoru was a student of the famous Confucian Song Lian and an important figure left by Zhu Yuanzhang to Zhu Yun. However, after Zhu Di ascended the throne, Fang Xiaoru did not give in. Not only did he refuse to emulate the Duke of Zhou to become king, but he also remained loyal and unyielding in the face of Zhu Di's threats. Zhu Di finally split his car in the city, and at the same time killed Fang Xiaoru's nine clans, a total of 873 people.
Fourth, the tragic fate of Tie Hyun.
Tie Xuan is an anti-Yan general, and once joined forces with Sheng Yong to fight against Zhu Di. During the battle, he tricked Zhu Di into entering the city with a scheme, but was eventually captured. When Zhu Di interrogated Tie Xuan, Tie Xuan was unyielding and was executed by Ling Chi. After Tie Xuan's death, his parents were sent to Hainan, and his wife and son became official prostitutes.
Fifth, Jingqing's tragic end.
Jing Qing's fate was even worse than Fang Xiaoru's "Ten Clans". After his failed attempt to assassinate Zhu Di, his teeth were knocked out and he was killed. Jingqing's neighbors were also executed, causing the village to be empty and in ruins.
Sixth, the unfortunate fate of Jianwen's former ministers.
A large number of Jianwen's former ministers did not die well. Lian Zining, the waiter of the Ministry of Officials, Hu Yan, Shaoqing of Dali, and Huang Guan, the right waiter of the Ministry of Rites, all ended in unyielding. This brutal purge, which has cost tens of thousands of lives, has far-reaching consequences.
Seventh, the fate of Geng Bingwen and Mei Yin.
Geng Bingwen was a hero of Zhu Yuanzhang, but he was defeated in the Battle of Jingjing, and finally committed suicide in fear of crime. Mei Yin, as the husband of Princess Ningguo, was killed by Zhu Di for failing to stop Zhu Di. These two figures, who had left meritorious deeds during the Hongwu period, eventually embarked on an unfortunate fate.
8. The tragic end of Xie Jin.
Xie Jin was favored by his writings during the Zhu Yuanzhang period, but after Zhu Di ascended the throne, he was demoted due to the issue of establishing a prince. In the end, Xie Jin was buried alive to death, his family was raided, and his wife and children were exiled to Liaodong.
Epilogue. 
Zhu Di's bloody purge of Jianwen's former ministers lasted for more than ten years, causing tens of thousands of deaths. This brutal revenge was both an attempt to maintain the dominance of the imperial power and a cruel warning to those who opposed it. The gloom of this history is thought-provoking, and it is full of painful lessons about the interweaving of power and human nature.
Zhu Di's bloody purges have left a deep mark on Chinese history, a brutal period of history that shows the side of intrigues, revenge, and humanity. The article provides an in-depth analysis of Zhu Di's cruel revenge on Jianwen's former ministers, which makes people feel deep sympathy and reflection for those who were tormented by tragic fate in history.
First of all, the tragic situation suffered by Huang Zicheng, Qi Tai, Fang Xiaoru and other former ministers under Zhu Di is undoubtedly chilling. These people used to serve Emperor Jianwen, but after Zhu Di seized the throne, they became the target of his revenge. Their fates are all embarrassing, their families are beheaded, their relatives are exiled or turned into official prostitutes, and everything is unrecognizable due to political changes. This kind of political turmoil has a profound impact on ordinary people, and it is deeply deplorable that behind every former minister there are families and relatives, and these families have been destroyed in the relentless political struggle.
Secondly, the cruel methods of Zhu Di's old ministers revealed in the article, such as torture such as car splitting and Ling Chi, show the ruthlessness of the rulers at that time. In order to maintain his power, he did not hesitate to cut down all the houses and drag the family into the abyss. This kind of ruthless political method has undoubtedly left a painful mark on the long river of history. This has led to a deep resentment of the schemes of those in power, and at the same time has triggered a deep reflection on the abuse of power.
In addition, the article also touches on the unyielding loyalty of some former ministers, such as Fang Xiaoru's courageous refusal in the face of Zhu Di's pressure. The perseverance and struggle of these people are particularly valuable in that turbulent historical period, and they are the highlights of history. Although their struggle could not change their fate in the end, they still deserve our admiration for sticking to their principles and beliefs in the midst of brutal political struggles.
Taken together, Zhu Di's bloody purge is a harrowing chapter in Chinese history. This history reminds us to be wary of the abuse of power and to reflect on the profound impact of political maneuvers on the lives of ordinary people. Through an in-depth analysis of this history, we can better understand the ruthlessness of power schemes and the cruelty of political struggles, so as to better cherish and defend social justice and human rights.
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