Since the beginning of this year, China's foreign trade exports have been highlighted. The export value of the "new three" products, such as electric manned vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and solar cells, continued to maintain a rapid growth momentum, becoming the bright spot of China's economic growth. As an important window of China's economic development, from "Made in China" to "Made in China", from "Old Three" to "New Three", China's foreign trade exports have been continuously optimized and upgraded, and have moved towards the high-end ranks in the industrial chain. This is not only a reflection of the continuous optimization of the foreign trade structure, but also a true portrayal of the new momentum to promote the high-quality development of the economy.
How do you view the rapid development of emerging industries such as the "new three"?What role do China's leading enterprises play in the optimization of China's foreign trade?What role will this bright spot of China's foreign trade and exports play in the high-quality development of China's and the world economy?Shi Baoguo, deputy director of the Economics Teaching and Research Department of the School of Economics, Minzu University, continues to pay attention to the development trend of China's economy and shares his views on these issues.
1. The data shows that in the first three quarters, the total export of foreign trade "new three" products represented by electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells was 7989900 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 417%。How do you view this trend of the "new three" growth of exports?What kind of characteristics does this reflect in the development of China's foreign trade?
This is taken on September 14, 2023 in the Qingdao area of the China (Shandong) Freedom ** Pilot Zone (drone**) Xinhua News Agency.
Shi Baoguo:At present, the "new three" has become a new export growth point for China, which is a concrete embodiment of China's high-quality economic development in the field of foreign trade, indicating that China's economy continues to develop well. The "new three" has become the growth point of foreign trade exports, reflecting two important characteristics of China's foreign trade development: first, the continuous optimization of the first structure. In the past, the main commodities of China's exports were traditional commodities such as clothing, furniture, and home appliances, commonly known as the "old three", and now they are gradually switching to the "new three" products, indicating that new momentum for China's high-quality economic development is constantly emerging, and it also reflects the continuous optimization of China's foreign trade structure.
The second is the steady improvement of quality. Whether it is an electric manned vehicle, or a lithium battery or a solar cell, these industries belong to the manufacturing industry, so the growth of the export of "new three" products reflects that China's manufacturing industry is developing in the direction of high-end, intelligent and green.
2. What do you think is the main reason for the rapid growth of the "new three" products represented by electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells?
Shi Baoguo:First, we have grasped the international trend of low-carbon environmental protection. Under the current dual carbon goal, global energy consumption is developing in the direction of low-carbon and environmental protection, and the new three things have seized the new opportunities of environmental protection and low-carbon development, and met the needs of environmental protection and low-carbon development pursued by the international market.
The second is to benefit from the continuous improvement of industrial policies. China has vigorously supported the development of the new energy industry and introduced a series of policy measures, including fiscal and tax policies such as tax cuts and subsidies, to promote the development of the new energy industry.
The third is the positive measures taken by China. For example, a series of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade, such as expanding opening up and lowering tariffs, have actively promoted international economic and trade cooperation and created a more favorable environment for exports.
This is a picture of BYD's electric vehicle chassis system in Budapest, Hungary, October 17, 2023. **Xinhua.
3. The first economic work conference emphasized that the construction of a modern industrial system should be led by scientific and technological innovation, and the "construction of a modern industrial system led by scientific and technological innovation" was listed as the first of the nine key tasks of economic work next year. From the "old three" to the "new three" of foreign trade exports based on clothing, furniture and household appliances, how do you see the role of innovation in this development process?
Shi Baoguo:In recent years, China has been deeply engaged in the emerging manufacturing field represented by new energy, with continuous increase in R&D investment and a series of major technological breakthroughs, so innovation is very important. This includes two aspects of innovation, one is the innovation of technology, and the other is the innovation of the experience model.
CATL topped the global champion in annual power battery shipments. At the end of November 2023, BYD, a leading new energy vehicle company, rolled off the assembly line for the 6 million new energy vehicles. How do you view the "acceleration" of leading enterprises in China's "new three" industry?What role do they play in boosting the transformation of China's foreign trade and exports?
Shi Baoguo:Once an enterprise develops and launches innovative products that can meet market demand and are competitive, there is a high probability that a super-large-scale market will be formed. New energy vehicles have high technical content and environmental performance, which meet the needs of low-carbon and environmental protection in the global market. The leading enterprises in China's "new three" industry, represented by CATL, are well-deserved leaders in the global new energy vehicle industry, as well as the carrier and backbone of China's foreign trade and export transformation.
This is a photo of the solar panels of the 100 MW photovoltaic power plant in Kapchagay, Almaty Oblast, Kazakhstan on May 4, 2023 (drone**) Xinhua News Agency.
5. More and more products exported by China's foreign trade "new three" have begun to be sold all over the world and enter the markets of countries around the world. How will the transformation and upgrading of China's foreign trade and exports affect China's cooperation with other countries?And how will it affect the lives of people abroad?
Shi Baoguo:The transformation and upgrading of foreign trade exports represented by the "new three" has become an important driving force and starting point for promoting the high-quality and innovative development of China's foreign trade, and the "new three" has also become an important carrier for China's cooperation with other countries. The "New Three" represents high-tech, sustainable, environmentally friendly and low-carbon industries, reflecting China's important position and strong competitiveness in the global industrial chain. Based on its competitive advantages in the industrial chain, China can carry out technology diffusion to other countries, especially the "Belt and Road" countries, and promote in-depth cooperation between China and other countries in the "new three" fields.
Due to the existence of a foundation of complementary advantages and win-win cooperation, coupled with the expansion of the world market brought about by the global economic recovery, China and other countries have a broad space for cooperation in the field of "new three things". Based on China's advantages in the industrial chain in the "new three" field, it can readjust all links in the industrial chain, and even transfer some industrial chain links to other countries, such as transferring some links of the new energy industry chain to the "Belt and Road" countries, which can not only promote the consumption and popularization of local automobiles, but also drive local economic development and promote employment.
6. From Made in China to Made in China, does the "New Three" reflect the trend of China's industry moving from low-end to high-end?How can this promote China's green transformation and high-quality economic development?
Shi Baoguo:The switch from the "old three" to the "new three" shows that in the field of manufacturing, China has moved towards the development road from "Made in China" to "Made in China".
The "New Three" represents China's arduous exploration in promoting the transformation of industrial structure in the manufacturing sector, and is itself a successful example of China's green transformation, accumulating rich experience for promoting China's green transformation and high-quality economic development. First, insist on innovation. In today's world, competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and we must open up new fields and new tracks for development, shape new momentum and new advantages for development, fundamentally speaking, we still have to rely on innovation, especially scientific and technological innovation. The second is to deepen the areas of advantage. Over the years, China has been facing market demand and focusing on the forefront of industrial development, continuously cultivating and gradually forming competitive advantages in the field of "new three things", and establishing a complete and resilient industrial chain. Therefore, behind its "explosion" is actually the result of China's years of precipitation in the field of high-end, intelligent and green manufacturing.
Jiupai News reporter Mu Yang.
*: Jiupai News].